Exploring engagement and flow experiences in collective music practices of amateurs, students and professional musicians

Toni, Anderson; Araújo, Rosane Cardoso de

doi:10.35699/2317-6377.2024.53731

Brasil

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SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE • Per musi 25 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.35699/2317-6377.2024.53731 linkcopy

Exploring engagement and flow experiences in collective music practices of amateurs, students and professional musicians

Explorando o engajamento e as experiências de fluxo nas práticas musicais coletivas de músicos amadores, estudantes de música e músicos profissionais

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

The purpose of this research was to explore the engagement and flow experiences in collective music practices of amateurs, students, and professional musicians. Based on the first phase of a sequential explanatory mixed methods research design, this article presents the results obtained from an online survey with 102 participants from diverse collective music practices. The results obtained were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Some statistically significant differences were observed in the interaction between participant groups (amateurs, students, and professionals) and dimensions of engagement (behavioral, cognitive, and emotional), as reported in the results and discussed in relation to the literature. In summary, we were able to explore and discuss some aspects of engagement, motivation, and flow experience based on the participants’ responses regarding their collective music practices.

KEYWORDS: Engagement; Flow; Motivation; Collective music practices; Music ensemble

	All (N = 102)		Amateurs (N = 34)		Students (N = 34)		Professionals (N = 34)
Engagement	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD
General mean values	3.51	0.54	3.51	0.48	3.44	0.61	3.58	0.51

Behavioral	3.76	0.34	3.66	0.38	3.74	0.35	3.87	0.27
Cognitive	3.31	0.55	3.32	0.52	3.21	0.66	3.39	0.45
Emotional	3.46	0.59	3.55	0.49	3.35	0.66	3.47	0.62

STATEMENT		ALL (N = 102)		AMATEURS (N = 34)		STUDENTS (N = 34)		PROFESSIONALS (N = 34)
STATEMENT		M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD
BEHAVIORAL	S1 - I participate or have an interest in participating in this musical activity whenever it is held	3.83	0.42	3.79	0.41	3.79	0.54	3.91	0.29
	S2 - I really focus and concentrate on this musical activity when I am doing it	3.78	0.50	3.68	0.59	3.76	0.49	3.91	0.98
	S3 - I participate or have an interest in participating in this musical activity for a long period of time	3.63	0.73	3.62	0.70	3.59	0.74	3.68	0.77
	S4 - I ask questions and seek resources to improve my skills in playing an instrument (or singing) in this musical activity	3.70	0.64	3.44	0.82	3.73	0.62	3.94	0.24
	S5 - I keep trying to play/sing even when I have difficulties	3.84	0.44	3.79	0.54	3.82	0.46	3.91	0.29
COGNITIVE	S6 - I think this musical activity is challenging for me, but worth the effort	3.15	1.08	3.26	0.93	3.15	1.05	3.03	1.27
	S7 - I think I know what to do and I am encouraged to make my own choices about what and how to play	3.22	0.90	3.03	0.97	3.06	0.98	3.59	0.61
	S8 - I think I am good at this musical activity and I can contribute to my personal growth and the group growth	3.52	0.75	3.38	0.82	3.41	0.86	3.76	0.49
	S9 - I think about this musical activity even when I am not doing it	3.29	0.96	3.32	0.81	3.12	1.22	3.44	0.78
	S10 - I sometimes feel absorbed in the action when I am doing this musical activity that I lose track of time	3.37	1.01	3.65	0.64	3.32	0.98	3.15	1.28
EMOTIONAL	S11 - I enjoy this musical activity and I have fun when I am involved	3.77	0.56	3.85	0.43	3.76	0.55	3.70	0.67
	S12 - This musical activity gives me a sense of accomplishment and it would be very hard for me to give up this musical activity	3.47	0.87	3.50	0.75	3.29	1.09	3.62	0.74
	S13 - I feel a sense of belonging and connection to other people when I am doing this musical activity	3.64	0.67	3.65	0.60	3.56	0.82	3.70	0.58
	S14 - If I am doing this musical activity with other people, I feel they value it as much as I do	3.14	0.93	3.41	0.74	2.85	1.02	3.15	0.96
	S15 - If I am doing this musical activity with other people, I feel they are supportive and caring	3.28	0.93	3.35	0.88	3.29	1.06	3.20	0.84

	WITHIN-GROUP COMPARISONS (ALL PARTICIPANTS)
BEHAVIORAL AND COGNITIVE ENGAGEMENT					BEHAVIORAL AND EMOTIONAL ENGAGEMENT
Statement	M	Statement	M	p	Statement	M	Statement	M	p
S1	3.83	S6	3.15	**	S1	3.83	S14	3.14	***
S2	3.78			**	S2	3.78			***
S4	3.70			*	S3	3.63			**
S5	3.84			***	S4	3.70			***
S1	3.83	S7	3.22	***	S5	3.84			***
S2	3.78			***	S1	3.83	S15	3.28	**
S3	3.63			*	S2	3.78			**
S4	3.70			**	S4	3.70			*
S5	3.84			***	S5	3.84			***
S1	3.83	S9	3.29	*
S2	3.78			*
S5	3.84			**
EMOTIONAL AND COGNITIVE ENGAGEMENT					EMOTIONAL ENGAGEMENT
Statement	M	Statement	M	p	Statement	M	Statement	M	p
S11	3.77	S6	3.15	**	S11	3.77	S14	3.14	***
S11	3.77	S7	3.22	***	S13	3.64	S14	3.14	**
S13	3.64	S7	3.22	*	S11	3.77	S15	3.28	**
S11	3.77	S9	3.29	*

BETWEEN-GROUP COMPARISONS
Statement	Participant Groups	M	Participant Groups	M	p
S4	Professionals	3.94	Amateurs	3.44	**
S7	Professionals	3.59	Amateurs	3.03	*
S7	Professionals	3.59	Students	3.06	*
S14	Amateurs	3.41	Students	2.85	*

WITHIN-GROUP COMPARISONS
STUDENTS					PROFESSIONALS
Statement	M	Statement	M	p	Statement	M	Statement	M	p
S1	3.79	S14	2.85	**	S1	3.79	S14	3,41	*
S2	3.76			**	S2	3.68			*
S3	3.59			*	S4	3.44			*
S4	3.73			**	S5	3.79			*
S5	3.82			**	S2	3.68	S15	3,35	*
S11	3.76			**	S4	3.44	S15	3,35	*
S5	3.82	S7	3.06	*
AMATEURS
Statement	M	Statement	M	p
S1	3.79	S7	3.03	*
S5	3.79			**
S11	3.85			**

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[TFN1] Note. M = Mean. SD = Standard Deviation. N = Number of participants.