Resistance of Staphylococcus spp., to antimicrobials isolated from broilers and commercial layers in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil

This study had the objective of researching Staphylococcus spp. on healthy broilers and commercial broilers and layers, with clinical respiratory signs. Swabs were taken from the infraorbital sinus of 55 healthy broilers, 35 with respiratory signs and 30 commercial layers also with respiratory signs. Each sample was composed of a pool of five birds, totaling 24 collected samples from 24 commercial flocks. The bacteriological exam was used for the isolation, with a later evaluation of the morphological, tintorial and biochemical characteristics to determine the species. The production of hemolysis, formation of a biofilm in Congo Red Agar, detection of the gene mecA by the PCR and susceptibility to 13 antimicrobial drugs, was verified. From the 24 processed samples, 16 Staphylococcus spp. were obtained isolates, five samples were coagulasis-positive (SCP) and 11 coagulasis-negative (SCN). As to hemolysis and the formation of biofilm tests three samples presented themselves to be hemolytic and six were positive, respectively. In the PCR evaluation for the detection of the mecA gene, all isolates showed negative results. It was observed that 15 E coli isolates were resistant to five or more antibiotics, and that the associated drugs presented better sensibility. The resistance to antimicrobials and biofilm productive strains can interfere in the therapeutic response of birds that present clinical signs.

Staphylococus spp.; birds; genes; antimicrobial; resistance