The aim of this article is to develop some aspects of the great and deep contribution of Claude Lévi-Strauss to the study of Amerindian mythology. To do so it tries to articulate a few myths with the theme of the opposition between nature and culture (also developed by Lévi-Strauss). Besides that, the article brings some ethnographic data related to an indigenous conception of myth - obtained mainly from the author's field experience with the Juruna of the Upper-Xingu River.
Lévi-Strauss; Myth; Nature and Culture; Juruna