Valoração |
As infraestruturas pensantes geram valor ao configurar entidades, preferências e classificação - podendo desenvolver novas formas de valoração (Bowker et al., 2019Bowker, G. C., Elyachar, J., Kornberger, M., Mennicken, A., Miller, P., Nucho, J.R., & Pollock, N. (2019). Introduction to Thinking Infrastructures. In Kornberger, M., Bowker, G. C., Elyachar, J., Mennicken, A., Miller, P., Nucho, J.R., & Pollock, N. (Eds.) Thinking Infrastructures (Research in the Sociology of Organizations, Vol. 62, pp. 1-13), Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062001 https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X201900...
; Mellet & Beauvisage, 2020Mellet, K., & Beauvisage, T. (2020). Cookie monsters. Anatomy of a digital market infrastructure. Consumption Markets & Culture, 23(2), 110-129. https://doi.org/10.1080/10253866.2019.1661246 https://doi.org/10.1080/10253866.2019.16...
). |
Rastreamento |
O rastreamento trata-se, em geral, de cliques e respostas virtuais mensuradas e empacotadas, que podem tornar os dados rastreados passíveis de valor (Bowker et al., 2019Bowker, G. C., Elyachar, J., Kornberger, M., Mennicken, A., Miller, P., Nucho, J.R., & Pollock, N. (2019). Introduction to Thinking Infrastructures. In Kornberger, M., Bowker, G. C., Elyachar, J., Mennicken, A., Miller, P., Nucho, J.R., & Pollock, N. (Eds.) Thinking Infrastructures (Research in the Sociology of Organizations, Vol. 62, pp. 1-13), Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062001 https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X201900...
). |
Governança |
As infraestruturas pensantes estruturam o raciocínio coletivo e distribuem ‘poder’. Mas, ao mesmo tempo, podem centralizar poder - criando paradoxos (Bowker et al., 2019Bowker, G. C., Elyachar, J., Kornberger, M., Mennicken, A., Miller, P., Nucho, J.R., & Pollock, N. (2019). Introduction to Thinking Infrastructures. In Kornberger, M., Bowker, G. C., Elyachar, J., Mennicken, A., Miller, P., Nucho, J.R., & Pollock, N. (Eds.) Thinking Infrastructures (Research in the Sociology of Organizations, Vol. 62, pp. 1-13), Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062001 https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X201900...
; Kjellberg et al., 2019Kjellberg, H., Hagberg, J., & Cochoy, F. (2019). Thinking Market Infrastructure: Barcode Scanning in the US Grocery Retail Sector, 1967-2010. In Kornberger, M., Bowker, G. C., Elyachar, J., Mennicken, A., Miller, P., Nucho, J. R., & Pollock, N. (Eds.). Thinking infrastructures (Research in the Sociology of Organizations, Vol. 62, pp. 207-232). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062013 https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X201900...
). |
Práticas |
Uma infraestrutura opera de determinado modo e/ou pode ser reconhecida como tal a partir de um conjunto de práticas (Fuentes & Fuentes, 2022Fuentes, C., & Fuentes, M. (2022). Infrastructuring alternative markets: Enabling local food exchange through patchworking. Journal of Rural Studies, 94, 13-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2022.05.022 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2022....
; Star, 1999Star, S. L. (1999). The ethnography of infrastructure. American Behavioral Scientist, 43(3), 377-391. https://doi.org/10.1177/00027649921955326 https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764992195532...
). |
Arranjos materialmente heterogêneos |
Uma infraestrutura pensante é composta por inúmeros elementos materiais interligados, que formam um arranjo (Chakrabarti et al., 2016Chakrabarti, R., Finch, J., Kjellberg, H., Lernborg, C. M., & Pollock, N. (2016, June). From market devices to market infrastructures. Proceedings of the 4th Interdisciplinary Market Studies Workshop, St. Andrews, Scotland. https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/82912 https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/82...
; Kjellberg et al., 2019Kjellberg, H., Hagberg, J., & Cochoy, F. (2019). Thinking Market Infrastructure: Barcode Scanning in the US Grocery Retail Sector, 1967-2010. In Kornberger, M., Bowker, G. C., Elyachar, J., Mennicken, A., Miller, P., Nucho, J. R., & Pollock, N. (Eds.). Thinking infrastructures (Research in the Sociology of Organizations, Vol. 62, pp. 207-232). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062013 https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X201900...
). |
Interdependente e modular |
É formada por vários dispositivos que podem ser adicionados ou removidos (Chakrabarti et al., 2016Chakrabarti, R., Finch, J., Kjellberg, H., Lernborg, C. M., & Pollock, N. (2016, June). From market devices to market infrastructures. Proceedings of the 4th Interdisciplinary Market Studies Workshop, St. Andrews, Scotland. https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/82912 https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/82...
; Kjellberg et al., 2019Kjellberg, H., Hagberg, J., & Cochoy, F. (2019). Thinking Market Infrastructure: Barcode Scanning in the US Grocery Retail Sector, 1967-2010. In Kornberger, M., Bowker, G. C., Elyachar, J., Mennicken, A., Miller, P., Nucho, J. R., & Pollock, N. (Eds.). Thinking infrastructures (Research in the Sociology of Organizations, Vol. 62, pp. 207-232). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062013 https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X201900...
), sendo, portanto, interdependente deles (Kjellberg et al., 2019). |
Poética |
A poética refere-se à exaltação do símbolo (infraestrutura) frente à sua função (Larkin, 2013Larkin, B. (2013). The politics and poetics of infrastructure. Annual Review of Anthropology, 42, 327-343. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-092412-155522 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-0...
). Neste sentido, os padrões das infraestruturas incorporam arranjos e compromissos sociais e políticos (Mellet & Beauvisage, 2020Mellet, K., & Beauvisage, T. (2020). Cookie monsters. Anatomy of a digital market infrastructure. Consumption Markets & Culture, 23(2), 110-129. https://doi.org/10.1080/10253866.2019.1661246 https://doi.org/10.1080/10253866.2019.16...
), que podem estar associados ao caráter simbólico da infraestrutura. |