SPIRITUALITY, MORAL CONVICTION, AND PROSOCIAL RULE-BREAKING IN HEALTHCARE

Asadullah, Muhammad Ali; Fayyaz, Ifrah; Amin, Rizwana

doi:10.1590/S0034-759020190102

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ARTICLES • Rev. adm. empres. 59 (1) • Jan-Feb 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-759020190102 copy

SPIRITUALITY, MORAL CONVICTION, AND PROSOCIAL RULE-BREAKING IN HEALTHCARE

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the effect of healthcare professionals' workplace spirituality (WPS) on moral conviction and prosocial rule-breaking (PSRB). The data were collected from 315 healthcare professionals from three main districts of South Punjab, Pakistan. We determined the measures' validity using confirmatory factor analysis. We investigated the hypothesized relationships using structural regression modeling. The results demonstrated a significant effect of WPS on PSRB and moral conviction. However, the mediating effect of moral conviction between WPS and PSRB was insignificant. Healthcare professionals may regulate PSRB by screening and promoting individuals with high WPS to positions requiring a high level of PSRB rather than considering health service providers' personal moral beliefs.

KEYWORDS
Workplace spirituality; moral conviction; prosocial rule-breaking; healthcare professionals; ethical dilemma

Variables	Categories	Percent
Gender	Male	57.8
Gender	Female	42.2
Age	25-34	60.3
	35-44	24.1
	45-54	9.5
	55-64	6.0
Education	MBBS	49.8
	MBBS, FCPS	30.5
	MBBS, MCPS	15.2
	MD	1.6
	BDS	1.3
	B PHARMACY	1.6
Nature of job	Permanent	80.3
	Contract	18.1
	Part time	1.6
Experience (in years)	1-5 years	54.0
	6-10	20.6
	11-15	14.0
	16-20	5.1
	21-25	1.6
	26-30	1.0
	31-35	3.8
Designations	MO/WMO/Demonstrator	31.1
	PGR/PGMO/FCPS Trainee	19.7
	Pharmacists/Drug Directors	1.6
	Senior Registrars/HODs/Superintendents	14.0
	Assistant Professors	7.0
	House Officers/Psychologists	21.0
	Surgeons/Dental Surgeons	5.7
Total		100

	Mean	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1. Gender	-	-	1
2. Education	-	-	-0.045	1
3. Job nature	-	-	0.008	-0.272^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	1
4. Position	-	-	0.06	0.081	0.583^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	1
5. Experience	-	-	-0.082	0.364^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	-0.310^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.084	1
6. WS	4.25	0.467	-0.135^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.108^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.133	0.225	0.141^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	1
7. MC	3.52	0.806	-0.167^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).	0.090	0.053	0.120	0.199^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	0.370^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	1
8. PSRB	2.86	0.818	-0.077^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).	-0.055^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).	0.030	-0.071	-0.075	0.095^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).	-0.004

	CR	AVE	MSV	Reliability
Moral Conviction	0.800	0.512	0.164	0.878
Workplace Spirituality	0.894	0.738	0.164	0.945
Prosocial Rule-Breaking	0.853	0.666	0.023	0.967

Variables	Model 1 DV = PSRB	Model 2 DV = MC	DV = PSRB
Gender	-0.071(0.119)	---	-0.072(0.119)
Education	-0.042(0.093)	---	-0.041(0.055)
Experience	-0.032(0.043)	---	-0.032(0.043)
Designation	-0.030(0.012)		0.030(0.012)
Direct Effects
Workplace Spirituality	0.143(0.169)^* * Relationship is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).	.421(.152)***	0.147(0.192)
Moral Conviction (MC)	---	---	-0.021(0.089)
Indirect Effect: WPS🡢MC🡢 PSRB	---	---	β= -0.009 95% confidence interval with 2000 bootstrapping samples = [upper bound = 0.060, lower bound = -0.115]

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