POTENTIAL AND REALIZED ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY: AN ANALYSIS IN PROJECT TEAMS

Gonzalez, Rodrigo Valio Dominguez

doi:10.1590/S0034-759020230605x

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Revista de Administração de Empresas

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ARTICLES • Rev. adm. empres. 63 (6) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-759020230605x copy

POTENTIAL AND REALIZED ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY: AN ANALYSIS IN PROJECT TEAMS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Absorption capacity (ACAP) is a fundamental factor for the firm to achieve dynamic capability and competitive advantage. Previous studies have identified two dimensions that make up this construct, called potential absorption capacity (PACAP) and realized absorption capacity (RACAP). This study investigates the influence of the two dimensions of ACAP in relation to project performance and innovation, and also analyzes the mediating role that RACAP plays in the relationship between PACAP and project performance and innovation. This study explores these relationships using the structural equation modeling (SEM) method, using the partial least squares (PLS) approach, applied to a sample of 128 companies in the automotive sector, specifically manufacturers of parts. The results show that project performance and innovation are impacted differently by PACAP and RACAP. In addition, the study shows that RACAP plays a mediating role in the relationship between PACAP and project performance and innovation.

Keywords:
absorptive capacity; potential absorptive capacity; realized absorptive capacity; project performance; innovation

Measurement	Items	Frequency	Percentage
Surveyed companies
Number of employees	50 or less	13	10.16
	51-100	18	14.06
	101-500	32	25.00
	501-1000	38	29.69
	1001 or above	27	21.09
Teams
Team size	3-5	26	20.31
	6-10	48	37.50
	11-20	34	26.56
	21 ou mais	20	15.63
Team tenure	3M-6M	38	29.69
	7M-1Y	45	35.16
	1Y 1M-2Y	31	24.22
	2Y or above	14	10.94
Respondents
Gender	Male	79	61.72
Gender	Female	49	38.28
Education level	Undergraduate degree	11	8.59
	Graduate degree	72	56.25
	Master’s degree or higher	45	35.16
Position	Coordination/Supervision	37	28.91
	Manager	68	53.13
	Senior Manager/CEO	23	17.97
Age range	18-25	33	25.78
	26-35	41	32.03
	36-45	29	22.66
	46 or above	25	19.53

Measurements	Second-order constructs		Conclusion	Firs-order constructs		Conclusion
Measurements	Value	HI95	Conclusion	Value	HI95	Conclusion
SRMR	0.067	0.090	Accepted	0.062	0.122	Accepted
d_ULS	4.693	7.013	Accepted	1.566	5.249	Accepted
d_G	5.226	131.737	Accepted	1.139	3.307	Accepted

Variable	Items	Loading	α	CR	AVE	ρA	VIFa
Reflective measurement
Project innovation	PI1	0.773	0.817	0.846	0.715	0.808	2.56
	PI2	0.757					2.13
	PI3	0.777					2.01
	PI4	0.818					1.84
	PI5	0.830					1.75
	PI6	0.778					2.26
	PI7	0.817					2.38
	PI8	0.794					1.91
Task interdependence	TI1	0.772	0.748	0.790	0.643	0.753	2.36
	TI2	0.735					2.48
	TI3	0.741					2.07
	TI4	0.810					1.88
	TI5	0.753					2.45
	TI6	0.768					1.75
Formative measurement
PACAP (second-order construct)
Acquisition (reflective construct)	ACQ1	0.823	0.823	0.773	0.653	0.774	1.73
	ACQ2	0.874					1.55
	ACQ3	0.790					1.90
	ACQ4	0.775					1.84
	ACQ5	0.844					1.92
Assimilation (reflective construct)	ASS1	0.861	0.795	0.796	0.668	0.778	2.04
Assimilation (reflective construct)	ASS2	0.853	0.795	0.796	0.668	0.778	2.22
RACAP (second-order construct)
Transformation (reflective construct)	TR1	0.773	0.778	0.805	0.671	0.781	2.04
	TR2	0.785					1.73
	TR3	0.844					1.91
	TR4	0.816					2.33
	TR5	0.780					2.18
	TR6	0.843					1.65
Exploitation (reflective construct)	EXP1	0.833	0.790	0.788	0.678	0.788	1.77
	EXP2	0.821					1.93
	EXP3	0.838					1.97
	EXP4	0.786					1.64
	EXP5	0.773					1.84
Team performance (second-order construct)
Efficiency (reflective construct)	EF1	0.812	0.866	0.781	0.705	0.796	2.16
	EF2	0.818					2.28
	EF3	0.873					1.83
Effectiveness (reflective construct)	EFT1	0.781	0.842	0.819	0.680	0.793	2.15
	EFT2	0.815					2.36
	EFT3	0.792					1.66

Construct	ACQ	ASS	TR	EXP	EF	EFT	PI	TI
ACQ	0.8081	0.4189	0.3206	0.2678	0.2056	0.2254	0.1844	0.2589
ASS	0.3782	0.8173	0.3912	0.3912	0.2987	0.2437	0.1563	0.1678
TR	0.2321	0.2714	0.8191	0.5156	0.3890	0.3195	0.4336	0.1784
EXP	0.1883	0.2516	0.8234	0.8234	0.2467	0.3784	0.4238	0.2563
EF	0.1336	0.1893	0.1575	0.1575	0.8396	0.5568	0.4655	0.3018
EFT	0.1488	0.1945	0.2814	0.2814	0.4387	0.8246	0.4217	0.1431
IP	0.0873	0.0977	0.3883	0.3883	0.3518	0.3318	0.8456	0.2566
TI	0.1586	0.1784	0.1431	0.1431	0.1891	0.0890	0.1745	0.8019

Hypothesis	Relation	Path coefficient	t-statistics	p-value	Sig. level	Results	f2
H1	PACAP 'RACAP	0.588	8.658	0.000	***	Supported	0.458
H2a	PACAP 'PP	0.127	1.335	0.053	NS	Not Supported	0.142
H2b	PACAP 'PI	0.253	3.119	0.003	**	Supported	0.251
H3a	RACAP 'PP	0.334	4.436	0.000	***	Supported	0.284
H3b	RACAP 'PI	0.431	6.777	0.000	***	Supported	0.347
Control variables	TS 'PP	-0.112	-1.270	0.056	NS	Not Supported	0.105
	TT 'PP	0.195	2.528	0.028	*	Supported	0.232
	TI 'PP	-0.046	0.488	0.062	NS	Not Supported	0.063
	TS 'PI	0.120	1.295	0.054	NS	Not Supported	0.126
	TT 'PI	0.174	2.331	0.031	*	Supported	0.230
	TI 'PI	-0.055	-0.573	0.060	NS	Not Supported	0.086

IV	M	DV	Direct effect (t-value)	Indirect effect (t-value)	Total effect (t-value)	VAF (%)	Interpretation	Conclusion
PACAP	RACAP	PP	0.127^NS (1.485)	0.258*** (6.674)	0.385	67.0	Indirect Mediation	H4a supported
PACAP	RACAP	PI	0.253** (5.331)	0.295*** (7.913)	0.548	53.8	Partial Mediation	H4b supported

Fundação Getulio Vargas, Escola de Administração de Empresas de S.Paulo Av 9 de Julho, 2029, 01313-902 S. Paulo - SP Brasil, Tel.: (55 11) 3799-7999, Fax: (55 11) 3799-7871 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rae@fgv.br

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[1] CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

The author have no conflicts of interest to declare.