Qualitative case studies |
This criterion was used in order to include publications which demonstrate only that using the case study method detailed description of the use of the method. The illustrative case studies with the aim of demonstrating the practical application of the concept were excluded from analysis. |
Illustrative case examples (Simms, 2006Simms, J. R. (2006). Technical and social innovation determinants of behaviour. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 23(3), 383-393.; Raufflet, 2009Raufflet, E. (2009). Mobilizing business for post-secondary education: CIDA University, South Africa. Journal of Business Ethics, 89(2), 191-202.; Herrera, 2015Herrera, M. E. B. (2015). Creating competitive advantage by institutionalizing corporate social innovation. Journal of Business Research, 68(7), 1468-1474.). |
SI concept related to Mulgan view (2006, p. 146) that considers SI as “innovative activities and services that are motivated by the goal of meeting a social need”. |
This criterion was used in order to include publications that were only directly related to the concept of SI from Mulgan (2006)Mulgan, G. (2006). The process of social innovation. Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization, 1(2), 145-162.. |
Innovation in general scope with small references to SI (Mcloughlin & Preece, 2010McLoughlin, I., & Preece, D. (2010). 'Last orders'i at the rural 'cyber pub': a failure of 'social learning'? International Journal of Technology Management, 51(1), 75-91.; Kinder, 2010Kinder, T. (2010). Social innovation in services: technologically assisted new care models for people with dementia and their usability. International Journal of Technology Management, 51(1), 106-120.;
Witkamp, Raven, & Royakkers, 2011Witkamp, M. J., Raven, R. P., & Royakkers, L. M. (2011). Strategic niche management of social innovations: the case of social entrepreneurship. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 23(6), 667-681.; Fink, Lang, & Harms, 2013Fink, M., Lang, R., & Harms, R. (2013). Local responses to global technological change - contrasting restructuring practices in two rural communities in Austria. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 80(2), 243-252.;
Bas & Guillo, 2015Bas, E., & Guillo, M. (2015). Participatory foresight for social innovation. FLUX-3D method (Forward Looking User Experience), a tool for evaluating innovations. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 101(December), 275-290.). |
Focus in growth stage, expansion or scaling up a SI |
This criterion was used in order to gather the publications that addressed only, even if indirectly, scalability process or extension of a SI. Although these articles treat the SI as Mulgan’s (2006)Mulgan, G. (2006). The process of social innovation. Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization, 1(2), 145-162. concept, scalability phase has not been addressed in studies. |
Social economy (Klein, Tremblay, & Bussières, 2010Klein, J. L., Tremblay, D. G., & Bussières, D. R. (2010). Social economy-based local initiatives and social innovation: a Montreal case study. International Journal of Technology Management, 51(1), 121-138.). Focus on identifying SI opportunities and planning of social enterprises (Lettice & Parekh, 2010Lettice, F., & Parekh, M. (2010). The social innovation process: themes, challenges and implications for practice. International Journal of Technology Management, 51(1), 139-158.). Importance of corporate philanthropy for the initial phase of the SI (Maclean, M., Harvey, C., & Gordon, J. (2013)Maclean, M., Harvey, C., & Gordon, J. (2013). Social innovation, social entrepreneurship and the practice of contemporary entrepreneurial philanthropy. International Small Business Journal, 31(7), 747-763.. 2013). Focus on stage identification of an opportunity to SI and the construction of a social enterprise. It does not address the development phases or scalability of a SI (Marcy, 2015Marcy, R. T. (2015). Breaking mental models as a form of creative destruction: the role of leader cognition in radical social innovations. The Leadership Quarterly, 26(3), 370-385.). Conflict between organizational objectives focused on profitability and the generation of social value (Le Ber & Branzei, 2010bLe Ber, M. J., & Branzei, O. (2010b). Value frame fusion in cross sector interactions. Journal of Business Ethics, 94(1), 163-195.). Pure description of the case “Fundacion Paraguaya” (Maak & Stoetter, 2012Maak, T., & Stoetter, N. (2012). Social entrepreneurs as responsible leaders: 'Fundacionparaguaya' and the case of Martin Burt. Journal of Business Ethics, 111(3), 413-430.). |
Focus in growth stage, expansion or scaling up a SI |
This criterion was used in order to gather the publications that addressed only, even if indirectly, scalability process or extension of a SI. Although these articles treat the SI as Mulgan’s (2006)Mulgan, G. (2006). The process of social innovation. Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization, 1(2), 145-162. concept, scalability phase has not been addressed in studies. |
Knowledge management in SI (Chalmers & Balan-Vnuk, 2013Chalmers, D. M., & Balan-Vnuk, E. (2013). Innovating not-for-profit social ventures: exploring the microfoundations of internal and external absorptive capacity routines. International Small Business Journal, 31(7), 785-810.). Outsourcing of IT services as a way to SI (Sandeep & Ravishankar, 2015Sandeep, M. S., & Ravishankar, M. N. (2015). Social innovations in outsourcing: an empirical investigation of impact sourcing companies in India. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 24(4), 270-288.). Focus on exploration of new areas of business (Igarashi & Okada, 2015). Events for dissemination of SI (Citroni, 2015). |
Check Quality |
Sought to evaluate the articles for their complete description of the case, clear connection between theory and empirical evidence, multiple data sources, among other criteria related to the quality of the case studies according Eisenhardt (1989)Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Building theories from case study research. Academy of Management Review, 14(4), 532-550.
and Yin (2009)Yin, R. K. (2009). Case study research: design and methods. Thousand Oaks: Sage.. |
No further studies were excluded due to quality assessment. |