- 1. What is the level of evidence of studies on birth route in case of cesarean
section in a previous pregnancy?
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a. Observational longitudinal studies and lack of controlled studies.
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b. Several randomized controlled trials support the evidence.
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c. Case reports only.
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d. Expert opinion and narrative reviews.
- 2. The longitudinal observational studies comparing birth route in patients with
cesarean section in a previous pregnancy are characterized by being:
-
a. Heterogeneous in terms of methodology to measure outcomes and presenting distinct follow-up durations.
-
b. Heterogeneous in terms of follow-up duration and homogeneous in outcome assessment.
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c. Homogeneous in terms of methodology to measure outcomes and presenting distinct follow-up durations.
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d. Homogeneous in terms of follow-up duration and heterogeneous in outcome assessment.
- 3. What are the characteristics associated with a favorable progress of trial of
labor in patients with previous cesarean section?
-
a. Indication of the first cesarean section (for non-recurring factor) and vaginal delivery history, in the case of multiparous women with one previous cesarean section.
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b. There are no characteristics favoring a trial of labor in this situation.
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c. History of two cesarean sections.
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d. Age greater than 35 years is the only factor to favorable progress.
- 4. Trial of labor in patients with previous cesarean section is:
-
a. A reasonable choice for pregnant women with one previous cesarean section (performed by means of transverse uterine section).
-
b. A reasonable option for pregnant women presenting two previous cesarean sections (longitudinal scar).
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c. Always indicated.
-
d. Always contraindicated.
- 5. Which is the birth route indicated for patients with cesarean section in a
previous pregnancy?
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a. There are still doubts about which type of delivery is better.
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b. Cesarean delivery is always better.
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c. Vaginal delivery is always better.
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d. It varies with age; for patients older than 35 years, vaginal delivery is indicated.
Answers to clinical scenario – treatment of isolated lesions of the posterior cruciate ligament [Published in RAMB 2015; 61(2)]
- 1. What is the recommendation for the conservative treatment of the posterior
cruciate ligament (PCL) injury?
-
It is recommended in isolated grade I and II ligament injuries (Alternative C).
- 2. When is surgical reconstruction of the PCL indicated?
-
It is recommended in ligament injuries caused by bone avulsions (Alternative B).
- 3. When surgery is recommended, is single tunnel PCL reconstruction similar to
double tunnel reconstruction?
-
The functional and subjective results are similar (Alternative A).
- 4. Is use of homologous grafts recommended for reconstruction of the PCL?
-
Yes, the results are similar to those of autologous grafts (Alternative D).
- 5. How should postoperative treatment of PCL reconstruction be conducted?
-
Key points include extension immobilizer (Alternative C).
Answers to clinical scenario – treatment of abdominal tumors using radiotherapy [Published in RAMB 2015; 61(2)]
- 1. Is the irradiation of the abdominal area using conformal radiotherapy superior
compared to conventional radiotherapy in pancreatic tumors?
-
Radiation entry into different angles shows better results (Alternative B).
- 2. Is the irradiation of the abdominal area using conformal radiotherapy superior
compared to conventional radiotherapy in sarcomas?
-
There is better dose distribution in both children and adults (Alternative C).
- 3. Is there less toxicity in the use of conformal radiotherapy compared to
conventional radiotherapy for abdominal tumors in pancreatic cancer?
-
There is less toxicity with conformal radiotherapy (Alternative A).
- 4. Is there less toxicity in the use of conformal radiotherapy compared to
conventional radiotherapy for abdominal tumors in sarcomas?
-
Toxicity in the conventional technique can lead to the need for hospital intervention (Alternative D).
- 5. Is there a difference in the effectiveness of conformal and conventional
radiotherapy?
-
In stomach tumors relapse-free survival is higher in the conformal technique (Alternative A).
Publication Dates
-
Publication in this collection
May-Jun 2015