Ando et al. 2016 |
Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover (2- 2w interventions, 2w wash out) |
TAG (19) |
23 ± 2.6 |
0/19 |
40 ± 8 |
Routine + TAG or ALA-DAG |
5 g TAG rapeseed oil |
2 w |
583 kcal, 15% PS, 34% LPS, 51% CH including 5 g of TAG or ALA-DAG |
Indirect calorimetry ARCO 2000 |
|
ALA-DAG (19) |
5 g ALA-DAG |
(↑* fat oxidation) (↑*PEE) |
Bendixen et al. 2002 |
Randomized, double-blind, crossover (4separete tests for 2 to 4 w) |
Conventional (11) |
22.5 ± 0.6 |
0/11 |
25.1 ± 0.5 |
Standardized provided by the researchers |
Rapeseed oil |
Same day |
34% CH, 60% LPS 32(91% test fat), 6% PS. Composed of bread, jam, 2 orange slices, and a chocolate drink with the test fat |
Indirect calorimetry with an open-air- circuit |
|
Lipase-structured (11) |
Lipase-structured fat |
|
Chemically-structured (11) |
Chemically structured fat |
↑* |
Physically-mixed (11) |
Physically mixed fat: rapeseed oil and trioctanoate |
|
Clevenger et al. 2014 |
Randomized, single-blinded, cross-over (3 sessions with at least 4 d between sessions) |
MUFA (15) |
21.5 ± 1.9 |
15/0 |
24.5 ± 4.3 (18-35) |
Routine |
735 kcal 70% fat = 42% MUFA or 42% PUFA or 40% SFA |
Same day |
Liquid meals (735 kcal) 8 fl oz (237 ml) Ensure, soy lecithin and Nesquik, 70% fat = 42% MUFA or 42% PUFA or 40% SFA) |
Indirect calorimetry ParvoMedics TrueOne 2400 Canopy System (ParvoMedics, Sandy, UT, USA) |
|
PUFA (15) |
↑ * |
SFA (15) |
|
Clevenger et al. 2015 |
Single-blinded randomized cross-over (3 sessions with at least 4 d between sessions) |
MUFA (16) |
30-40 |
16/0 |
23.6 ± 6 (18-39) |
Routine |
MUFA: canola and olive oil |
Same day |
Liquid meals (735 kcal) 8 fl oz (237 ml) Ensure®, soy lecithin and Nesquik®, 70% fat = 42% MUFA or 42% PUFA or 40% SFA) |
Indirect calorimetry ParvoMedics TrueOne® 2400 Canopy System (ParvoMedics, Sandy, UT) |
NS |
PUFA (16) |
PUFA: sunflower and linen oil |
SFA (16) |
SFA: butter, palm, and coconut oil |
Duarte Moreira Alves et al. 2014 |
Randomized trial (One-day) |
Control (CT) (24) |
(26 to 35) 29.8 ± 0.3 |
0/71 |
27.1 ± 0.9 |
Routine |
Control biscuits |
Same day |
56 g of peanuts, CVP or HOP |
Indirect calorimetry: Deltatrac II, MBM-200; Datex Instrumentarium Corporation |
|
Conventional peanuts (CVP) (23) |
56 g of CVP |
|
High-oleic peanuts (HOP) (24) |
56 g of HOP |
↑* (↑*PEE VS CVP) |
Hollis & Mattes 2007 |
Randomized cross-over (2-10 w interventions, 3 w wash out) |
Control (20) |
23 – 30 |
20/0 |
24 ± 9 |
|
Routine Routine diet |
10 w |
1672kJ portion of almonds and 250 ml of water within a 15 min period |
Indirect calorimetry SensorMedics Vmax 29 n metabolic cart (SensorMedics, Anaheim, CA, USA) |
NS |
Almond (20) |
Habitual diet + 1440kJ portion of raw, unsalted almonds each day |
Jones et al. 2008 |
Randomized crossover design (3-1 d sessions) |
Olive oil (15) |
23 ± 1.9 (20 - 25) |
0/15 |
28.6 ± 6.2 |
Routine |
Olive oil rich in oleic acid (18:1n-9) |
Same day |
Identical in composition except for the type of oil. 60% LPS, 30% CH, and 10% PS |
Indirect calorimetry (Deltatrac Metabolic Monitor) (Sensormedics, Anaheim, CA) |
(↑* EE VS flaxseed oil) (↑ EE VS sunflower oil) |
Sunflower oil (15) |
Sunflower oil rich in linoleic acid (18:2n-6) |
(↑ EE VS flaxseed oil) |
Flaxseed oil (15) |
Flaxseed oil rich in linolenic acid (18:3n-3) |
|
Kasai et al. 2002 |
Double-blind, crossover (Study 1: 3 d at 1 or 2 d intervals. Study 2: 2 d in a week at 1 or 2 d intervals) |
10M (8) |
Males: 22.7± 0.8 |
0/8 |
Males: 26.8 ± 0.7 |
Routine |
10 g MCT |
Same day |
Liquid meal containing 10 g MCT or 5 g MCT and 5 g LCT or 10 g LCT |
Aeromonitor AE-300S (Minato Medical Science, Osaka, Japan) |
↑ ** VS 10L |
5M5L (8) |
Mixture: 5 g MCT and 5 g LCT |
↑ * VS 10L |
10L (8) |
10 g LCT |
|
Mayonnaise (7) |
Females: 18.8 ± 0.4 |
8/0 |
Females: 28.1 ± 1.4 |
5 g of MCT |
Sandwich with mayonnaise or clear soup with margarine |
↑ * VS LCT |
Margarine (8) |
5 g of LCT |
|
Matheson et al. 2011 |
Pilot study (2 w) |
Intervention group (6) |
37.2 ± 5.60 obese |
0/6 |
46.7 ± 12.1 |
Routine + 2 g per day of EPA and DHA |
2.0 g per day of n-3 PUFA |
2 w |
250 mL of Break-free Omega-3 eggs, 200 g of strawberry yogurt, 1 Cali-Wrap tortilla, and 250 mL orange juice |
Indirect calorimetry (MAX II Metabolic System, AEI Technologies, Napierville, IL) |
↑ * |
Ogawa et al. 2007 |
Double-blind cross-over (2 experimental sessions separated by 2 days or more) |
LCT (20) |
21.7 ± 0.3 |
11/9 |
24.0 ± 0.9 |
Routine |
14 g of Long-chain Triacylglycerols |
Same day |
Liquid meal 500 Kcal 14.8% PS, 25.2% GS, 60% CH. Including 14 g of LCT or MLCT |
(Innovision A/S, Denmark) |
|
MLCT (20) |
14 g of Medium- and Long Chain Triacylglycerols |
↑ * |
Papamandjaris et al. 1999 |
Randomized cross-over (2- 2 w feeding periods separated by a 2 w washout) |
MCT (12) |
21.5 ± 0.8 |
12/0 |
22.7 ± 0.7 |
WM diet: 15% Ps, 45% Ch, and 40% fat, 80% of which was treatment fat |
26%(MCFA) and 74% (LCFA) |
Day 7 and 14 |
Scheduled breakfast |
RGE (Deltatrac Metabolic monitor, Sensormedics, Anaheim, California, USA) |
NS |
LCT (12) |
2% MCFA and 98% LCFA |
Piers et al. 2002 |
Randomized, paired comparison (2 intervention sessions separated by 1-2 w) |
SFA (14) |
27.8 ± 3.2 (21.1 – 32.0) |
0/14 |
38 ± 9 (24–49) |
Routine |
SFA breakfast: 92 g of muesli, 57 g of cream and 275 g of skim milk |
Same day |
SFA breakfast: 92 g of muesli, 57 g of cream and 275 g of skim milk |
Indirect calorimetry Deltatrac II metabolic monitor (Datex, Finland) |
|
MUFA (14) |
MUFA breakfast: 285 g of skim milk and 96 g of baked muesli with 20 g of EVOO |
MUFA breakfast: 285 g of skim milk and 96 g of baked muesli with 20 g of EVOO |
↑ * in subjects HWC ≥ 99 cm |
Soares et al. 2004 |
Single-blinded, randomized, paired comparison (2 trials, 1 to 4w interval between them) |
Cream (12) |
21·9–38·3 |
12/0 |
64 ± 4.5 (57–73) |
Routine |
65 g natural Swiss muesli, 40 g thickened cream and 188 g skimmed milk |
Same day |
65 g natural Swiss muesli, 40 g thickened cream and 188 g skimmed milk |
Indirect calorimetry Vmax-29 metabolic monitor (Sensor Medics) |
NS |
Extra virgin olive oil (12) |
66 g and 195 g of the same brand of muesli and skimmed milk, 15 g Extra virgin olive oil |
66 g and 195 g of the same brand of muesli and skimmed milk, 15 g Extra virgin olive oil |
Van Marken Lichtenbelt et al. 1997 |
Randomized crossover (2-2w intervention, 2 w wash out) |
High P/S ratio (6) |
NE |
0/6 |
25-48 |
NE |
P/S ratio 1.67 |
2 w |
46% LPS, 37% CH, 17% PS |
Indirect calorimetry (ventilated hood) |
↑ * |
Low P/S ratio (6) |
P/S ratio 0.19 |
|
White et al. 1999 |
Single-blinded randomized crossover (2-2w intervention, 2 w wash out) |
MCT-enriched diet (12) |
21.4 ± 2.0 |
12/0 |
22.8 ± 2.2 |
Isoenergetic diets 40% of energy as fat (80% of which was the treatment fat) |
MCT-enriched diet 80% of the diet’s fat |
7 and 14 d |
Standardized breakfast |
Indirect calorimetry Deltatrac metabolic monitor (Sensormedics, Anaheim, CA) |
(↑*BMR) (↑*TEE day 7) (↑TEE day 14) |
LCT-enriched diets (12) |
LCT-enriched diet 80% of the diet’s fat |
7 and 14 d |
|