Fund-to-fund transfers: federative coordination and cooperation in public security in Brazil

This article aims to analyze whether fund-to-fund transfers have contributed to federal coordination and cooperation of policies aimed at public security in Brazil. To this end, the work was divided into three stages: (i) Survey of National Public Security Fund amounts allocated to the states and the Federal District in the period from 2000 to 2022, before and after the adoption of fund-to-fund transfers; (ii) Conducting semi-structured interviews to raise the perceptions of managers responsible for preparing and coordinating the decentralization process and monitoring the execution of decentralized resources; and (iii) Analysis of the Coordination/Cooperation mechanisms foreseen in the Application Plans prepared by the states in the period. The research findings confirm the results of previous studies on the induction power of fund-to-fund transfers in the cooperation and coordination of national policies for public security. It was verified that the expansion of resources and the obligatoriness of their sharing with the states favored the alignment of state policies with the guidelines established by the Union but that the interaction between bodies, organizations, and members of society on the subject is still incipient.

Keywords:
federalism; coordination; cooperation; fund-to-fund transfers; SUSP

Analysis Criteria	Quantity	Adherence
Formalization of the State Public Security Plan (PESP) by law or decree.	14	70%
Validity of PESP.	16	80%
Description of method used to develop the PESP	10	50%
Developing PESP based on evidence (diagnoses and research).	15	75%
PESP alignment with the strategic planning and budget of the federative entity.	4	20%
State public security institutions participating in development of PESP.	18	90%
State public security council participating in development of PESP.	8	40%
Outlining responsibilities of actors involved in executing and monitoring the PESP.	11	55%
Other areas of government participating in development of PESP.	8	40%
Organized civil society and/or community councils participating in development of PESP.	7	35%
Establishing indicators for monitoring the PESP.	15	75%
Establishing targets for monitoring the PESP.	11	55%
Establishing instruments and methodology for monitoring and evaluating the PESP.	8	40%
PESP available on the State Department of Public Security website.	11	55%
PESP interconnected with other state policies and plans.	10	50%
Disclosing municipalities with direct intervention.	7	35%
Integrated operation of public security agencies.	16	80%
Integrated actions included in other areas such as education, health, leisure and culture.	3	15%
Providing funding sources for the implementation of the PESP.	6	30%
PESP governance structure.	14	70%
Risk management mechanisms.	3	15%
Prioritizing actions.	16	80%
Reducing homicides.	20	100%
Reducing violence against women.	13	65%
Improving governance and management.	13	65%
Valuing public safety professionals.	20	100%
Increasing control of borders, seaports and airports.	14	70%
Increasing control of firearms and ammunition.	15	75%
Fighting organized crime.	13	65%
Improving control and accountability mechanisms of police activities.	3	15%
Improving prison system management.	11	55%
Preventing and clamping down on violent property crimes.	15	75%
Strengthening municipalities and their role in crime and violence prevention.	4	20%
Average	11.27	56.35%

Categories	Markers	Shared Management
Strength of agenda	Policy Concept and Design	0.33
	State Participation	0.33
	Defining Goals	0.33
Total		1.00
Control of state behaviour	Resource Planning	0.16
	Resource Application	0.16
	Defining Actions	0.16
	Standardized Goods and Services	0.16
	Monitoring and Evaluation of Results	0.16
	Control, Assessment and Sanctions	0.16
Total		1.00
Organizational Interaction	Horizontal Coordination	0.20
	Vertical Coordination	0.20
	Planning	0.20
	Induction	0.20
	Operational Capacity	0.20
Total		1.00
Total		3.00

Fundação Getulio Vargas Fundaçãoo Getulio Vargas, Rua Jornalista Orlando Dantas, 30, CEP: 22231-010 / Rio de Janeiro-RJ Brasil, Tel.: +55 (21) 3083-2731 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: rap@fgv.br

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[1] Alisson Nava Nunes - Master’s Degree from the University of Brasilia (UnB). E-mail: alisson.nava@gmail.com