Biomass of aboveground parts of nine caatinga species were determined and related to plant measurements. Thirty plants of each species were collected and separated into stems, branches, twigs and leaves. The species were divided in two groups: six species of large plants and three species of smaller plants. Each group was divided into classes of stem diameter (DBH). Plant height (H) doubled (3.8 to 8.5 m) from the smallest-diameter class to the largest diameter (<5 and 27.5-30 cm), canopy projection areas (CPA) increased 14 times (4.8 to 67.3 m²) and biomass (B) increased 113 times (4 to 454 kg). The highest values are below those found in other tropical vegetation types in more humid sites. The ratio of biomass of separated plant parts to total aerial biomass varied less than their absolute values, indicating that plants develop in a relatively uniform way. Plants with DBH above 17.5 cm had about 70% of biomass consisting of stems and branches > 5 cm diameter, 20% of branches from 1 to 5 cm, 5% of twigs < 1 cm and 5% of leaves. DBH was the single variable that best predicted biomass of parts, in both species groups, according to a power equation (B = a DBH b). H and CPA were also significantly related to biomass for some parts and group, but with R² lower than DBH. Combining DBH and H improved estimation but not enough to justify the extra field effort in determining H. Therefore, plant part biomass can be estimated from measurements of stem diameter, in a non-destructive process.
Allometric equations; leaves; wood
