CHANGES IN YIELD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THREE-YEAR-OLD SHORT-ROTATION PLANTATIONS OF <i>Dipteryx panamensis</i> IN COSTA RICA

Gaitán-Alvarez, Johana; Tencio, Lidier; Moya, Roger; Arias-Aguilar, Dagoberto

doi:10.1590/1806-908820200000014

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Scientific Article • Rev. Árvore 44 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-908820200000014 copy

CHANGES IN YIELD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THREE-YEAR-OLD SHORT-ROTATION PLANTATIONS OF Dipteryx panamensis IN COSTA RICA

ALTERAÇÕES NO RENDIMENTO E NA COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA DE PLANTAÇÕES DE TRÊS ANOS DE ROTAÇÃO CURTA DE Dipteryx panamensis NA COSTA RICA

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Research and implementation of energy crops using short-rotation woody species (SRWC) are increasing in Latin America, especially for biomass production and use in bioenergy. For this purpose, one of the main factors to consider is species assessment. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the growth characteristics, the production and distribution of biomass, and the chemical, physical, and energetic properties of the biomass of three-year-old Dipteryx panamensis plantations in SRWC in three different spacings (1.0x2.0 m, 1.0x0.5 m and 1.0x1.0 m) and establish the best spacing condition for this tropical species. The results showed that the production of biomass varies between 1.1 and 42.36 t.ha^-1, and that 33-44% of the production are concentrated in the leaves. At three years, the SRWC presented 50% mortality, with a diameter of 4.8 cm at 30 cm-height from the ground, with total tree heights ranging from 5.17 to 6.98 meters. The evaluation of the biomass showed a calorific value between 18.9 and 19.4 MJ/kg, less than 1.81% of ash content and 86% of volatile content. As for the effect of the spacing, the green density of the wood and the moisture content increased with increasing spacing, while spacings of 1.0x1.0 m and 1.0x0.5 m showed the best behaviour regarding annual biomass production.

Keywords:
Tropical species; Woody crops; Energy crops

Table 1 Characteristics of short rotation energy plantations of Dipteryx panamensis with three different spacing in Costa Rica.

Spacing(m)	Initial density (Tree/ha)	Density at 3-yr-old (Tree/ha)	Mortality rate/ha (%)	Diameter (mm)	Total height (m)
1.0x2.0	5000	2500	50.00	47.08 (6.09)^A	5.17 (24.16)^B
1.0x1.0	10000	4733	52.67	48.94 (5.92)^A	5.96 (12.56)^B
1.0x0.5	20000	10200	49.00	47.73 (0.70)^A	6.98 (3.72)^A

Table 2 Biomass production and chemical properties of stem part of tree from short rotation energy plantations of Dipteryx panamensis with three different spacings in Costa Rica.

Biomass production	Spacing (m)
(t.ha-1)	1.0 x 2.0	1.0 x 1.0	1.0 x 0.5
Total with leaves	10.83	20.06	42.36
Total without leaves	6.18	12.09	28.40
Stem	5.08^B	10.93^B	24.87^A
Branches	1.11^B	1.16^B	3.53^A
Leaves	4.64^B	7.98^B	13.96^A
Cellulose	52.83^A	52.09^A	51.85^A
Lignin	21.74^A	22.94^A	22.04^A
N	0.22^A	0.19A^B	0.18^B
C	45.11^A	45.15^B	45.50^B
H	6.30^A	6.26^A	6.16^A
C/N	212.35^A	232.46^B	253.39^B

Sociedade de Investigações Florestais Universidade Federal de Viçosa, CEP: 36570-900 - Viçosa - Minas Gerais - Brazil, Tel: (55 31) 3612-3959 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
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