PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY IN THE PROCESSING WOOD OPERATION FOR ENERGY

Prates, Eloise; Lopes, Eduardo da Silva; Rodrigues, Carla Krulikowski; Silva, Matheus Kaminski Cândido da; Silva, Dimas Agostinho da

doi:10.1590/1806-908820230000009

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Scientific Article • Rev. Árvore 47 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-908820230000009 copy

PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY IN THE PROCESSING WOOD OPERATION FOR ENERGY

PRODUTIVIDADE E QUALIDADE NO PROCESSAMENTO DE MADEIRA PARA ENERGIA

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Optimizing resources is essential for the excellence and competitiveness of a forestry company. In this context, this study evaluated the productivity and quality of eucalyptus wood processing for energy purposes. The study was conducted in a forestry company in Paraná State in stands of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus saligna clones named stands 1 and 2, respectively, with an age of 7 years old. The trees were processed with a harvester and included the following four stem diameter limits for pulp production and co-products for energy purposes: 8, 10, 12, and 14 cm; and pulp logs with a length of 7.20 m. The technical analysis of the operation determined the average operating cycle times, utilization rate and machine productivity. In addition, a quality analysis determined the stem diameter limits for production of the co-products and the lengths of the pulp logs; the limit diameters were compared by the Tukey’s test, and the stands by the Student’s t-test (α ≤ 0.05). The results showed that the processing time decreased with increasing limit diameter, with the highest values being in stand 1 due to the higher number of branches and forked trees. The processing logs at 10 cm limit diameter provided higher harvester productivity, with 59.5 m³ PMH^-¹ and 62.2 m³ PMH^-¹ in stands 1 and 2, respectively. Furthermore, the best quality in the limit diameter measurement was obtained at 10 cm. Thus, the effects of forest stand and limit diameters on processing and operation quality were evident.

Keywords:
Forest processor; Bioenergy; Wood harvesting

Table 1 Average values, in seconds, of the times consumed by the partial and total elements of the harvester processor operating cycle.

D Lim(cm)	E. urophylla × E. grandis				E. saligna
		Effective times (s)
	SP	PR	DI	TC	SP	PR	DI	TC
8	6 a	18 a	9 a	24 a	5 a	16 a	7 a	22 a
10	5 b	16 b	6 a	22 b	5 a	14 b	7 a	20 b
12	6ab	16bc	6 a	22bc	5 a	14bc	5 a	19bc
14	5 b	13 d	7 a	19 d	5 a	12 d	6 a	18 d
Average	6	16	7	22	5	14	6	20

Table 2 Harvester productivity in processing eucalyptus stands at the different diameter limits evaluated.

DLim (cm)	E. urophylla × E. grandis		E. saligna		UR (%)
DLim (cm)	Productivity (m³ PMH^-¹)	ACV(m³)	Productivity (m³ PMH^-¹)	ACV(m³)	UR (%)
8	57.4^*	0.38	65.2^*	0.39	81.7
10	59.5^*	0.36	66.2^*	0.36
12	57.9^*	0.35	63.3^*	0.34
14	57.3^*	0.30	54.7^*	0.27
Average	58.0	0.35	62.3	0.34	81.7

Table 3 Average values of the diameter limits of the co-products.

D Lim (cm)	E. urophylla × E. grandis			E. saligna
D Lim (cm)	̅D (cm)	Error (%)	Sigma	̅D (cm)	Error (%)	Sigma
8	7.9^ns (±1,2)	1.0	3	7.9^ns (±1,1)	1.5	3
10	9.9* (±1,0)	0.4	3	9.7* (±0,1)	2.8	3
12	11.3^ns (±0,9)	5.9	2	11.3^ns (±1,2)	5.9	2
14	13.7^ns (±1,1)	2.0	2	13.7^ns (±1,5)	2.5	3

Table 4 Average values for processed log lengths.

Scheduled length (m)	DLim (cm)	E. urophylla × E. grandis		E. saligna
Scheduled length (m)	DLim (cm)	Length (m)	Error (%)	Length (m)	Error (%)
	8	6.27* (±0.31)	11.7	7.06* (±0.12)	0.6
7.20	10	6.40* (±0.59)	9.8	6.92* (±0.24)	2.6
	12	6.62^ns (±0.47)	6.8	6.79^ns (±0.55)	4.3
	14	6.72* (±0.40)	5.4	6.91* (±0.27)	2.7
Average		6.50 (±0.44)	8.4	6.92 (±0.30)	2.6

Sociedade de Investigações Florestais Universidade Federal de Viçosa, CEP: 36570-900 - Viçosa - Minas Gerais - Brazil, Tel: (55 31) 3612-3959 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
E-mail: rarvore@sif.org.br

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