Ants, when attracted by nutritious corpuscles produced by seeds of certain plant species, can act as predators or dispersing agents. During seed dispersal, a great number of ant species can interact with seeds of a particular plant species. The purpose of this study was to identify the ant species that interact with seeds of Mabea fistulifera Mart., a pioneer tree species in anthropic disturbed areas in Brazil. Another objective of this work was to determine the type of ant-seed interaction and the possible ant species dispersing this Euphorbiaceae. Insect hand collecting was performed in four sites where M. fistulifera is abundant in the region of Viçosa, MG, at the moment of seed visiting. The ants were taken to the laboratory and species identified. During collection, observations on ant behavior when interacting with seeds were recorded. Seed removal rate was also obtained. Sixteen species of ants interacted with the seeds; Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus, Atta sexdens rubropilosa, Ectatomma edentatum, Pachycondyla sp.1 and Pheidole sp.2 were in fact dispersing agents as they effectively transported the seeds. Ac. subterraneus subterraneus, Camponotus rufipes, Ectatomma permagnum, Megalomyrmex sp.1, Pachycondyla sp.1, Pachycondyla sp.2, Pheidole sp.4, Pheidole sp. 5 and Pogonomyrmex sp. are reported for the first time as interacting with seeds. Seed removal rate ranged from 85 to 97%.
ant-plant interaction; myrmecochory; seed dispersal
