REGENERATION THROUGH RESPROUTING AFTER CLEAR-CUTTING AND TOPSOIL STRIPPING IN A TROPICAL DRY FOREST IN CENTRAL BRAZIL¹

REGENERAÇÃO VIA REBROTA APÓS CORTE RASO E REMOÇÃO DA CAMADA SUPERFICIAL DO SOLO DE FLORESTA ESTACIONAL DECIDUAL NO BRASIL CENTRAL

ABSTRACT

Tropical dry forest trees have high resprouting ability, which may be useful for ecological restoration purposes. However, resprouting ability is affected by the type and severity of the disturbance. This study described the regeneration of trees through resprouting in a seasonally deciduous forest in Central Brazil, six months after being subjected to a gradient of disturbance. In order to expand a limestone quarry, 10 ha of deciduous forest were deforested in May 2013, creating areas with three increasing levels of disturbance: Clear-Cutting, Stump Removal and 5-20 cm of Topsoil Stripping. Twenty 3.14 m² circular plots were randomly selected in each type of disturbance. All resprouts were counted and identified to species level. The plant organ where each resprout grew from and the distance of the resprout insertion to the soil were recorded. There were 27 species in the Clear-Cutting and Stump Removal areas, and 24 in the Topsoil Stripping site. Resprout density was 3.0 ± 0.3^a/m² in the Clear-Cutting, 1.7 ± 0.4^b in the Stump Removal and 1.4 ± 0.4^b in the Topsoil Stripping area (mean ± SD; Tukey HSD). Stems contributed to 61% of the resprouts in the Clear-Cutting area, while 60% of the resprouts in Stump Removal grew from root collars and 70% of the resprouts in Topsoil Stripping grew from roots. Underground resprouts emerged from a depth of up to 24 cm. An increase in disturbance severity negatively affected resprouting ability, but natural regeneration was high regardless of disturbance severity. The high resprouting ability of the deciduous forest trees provides resilience even after topsoil stripping.

Keywords: Natural regeneration; Resilience; Seasonally deciduous forest