The oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPV) are straightly associated with anogenital cancer and dysplasia. The HPV-16 is the most common type, isolated in 87% of the HPV-positive anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Despite being a rare tumor, the incidence of SCC has increased in the last decades, especially in males. Incidence is particularly high amongst men who have sex with men (MSM) and among HIV infected men and women. For decades anogenital HPV researches have largely focused risk groups. Poor interest was intended to men who have sex with women (MSW). Prevalence studies of HPV infection in MSW have demonstrated that anal infection was identified in as far as 12%. Medical societies and specialists recommend anal screening with cytology for HIV infected men and women, and MSM. Until now, there is no evidence to recommend anal screening for MSW.
Human Papillomavirus infections, prevalence; Men´s health; Intra-epithelial neoplasia; Cytology, anal canal