The aim of this report is to analyze 380 patients with rectal cancer with special concern to the 195 stomas carried out with particular reference to temporary and definitive stomas as well as several surgical techniques used and their indications and complications. Three hundred seventy three out of 380 patients underwent surgery (98.2%) being 373 tumors resected (91.8%). As far as surgical technique is concerned abdominal rectosigmoidectomy was carried out in 172 of 338 patients who had their tumors removed, being 133 with hand anastomoses (35.0) and 39 with stapled anastomoses (10.3%). Miles procedure was made in 135 (35.5%), local excision in 27 (7.1%) and proctocolectomy and end ileostomy in four patients (1.0%). One hundred ninety five of 373 patients who underwent surgical treatment had stomas created in their abdomen (52.3%), being 174 definitive (46.6%) and 21 temporary (5.7%). So 174 of the 195 stomas carried out were definitive (89.2%) and 21 temporary (10.8%). One hundred and forty six of 195 stomas were end colostomies (39.1%), four end ileostomies (1.1%), 30 loop colostomies (8.0%), three double colostomies (0.8%) and 12 loop ileostomies (3.2%). As far as 21 temporary stomas performed in 172 cases of local excision and abdominal rectosigmoidectomy (12.2%) are concerned nine were loop colostomy (5.2%) and 12 loop ileostomy (7.0%). Sixteen of 21 temporary stomas were made in 133 cases of hand anastomoses, being eight loop colostomies (6.0%) and eight loop ileostomies (6.0%); and five in 39 cases of stapled anastomoses, being one loop colostomy (2.6%) and four loop ileostomies (10.2%). And as far as 174 definitive stomas are concerned they were performed in 135 patients undergoing Miles procedure, four in rectocolectomy and 35 in non resectable tumors. One hundred forty six stomas were end colostomy (83.9%), four end ileostomy (2.3%), 21 loop colostomy (12.1%) and three double colostomy (1.7%). So Miles procedure corresponded to 100.0% of end colostomy (135 cases), as well as four cases of proctocolectomy and 35 cases of acute abdomen, totalizing 174 cases of definitive stomas. Eleven of 35 stomas for non resectable tumors were end colostomy, 21 were loop colostomy and three double colostomy. The incidence of stoma complications were 7.2% (14 cases in 195 stomas): eight complications in 146 end colostomies (5.5%) (one necrosis, two collapses, three stenosis, one prolapse and one paracolostomic hernia); one in 30 loop colostomies (3.3%) (one necrosis); three in three double colostomies (100.0%) (one stenosis and two prolapses); two in 12 loop ileostomies (16.7%) (one necrosis and one prolapse); and no complications in four end ileostomies.
Stoma; rectal cancer; stoma and rectal cancer
