Left ventricular remodeling by partial ventriculectomy is a recent proposition for palliation in dilated cardiomyopathy when cardiac transplantation is contraindicated. This procedure carries a high morbimortality due to myocardial ischemia, necrosis and arrhythmias. This paper presents a technique for endocavitary left ventricular remodeling which maintains the hearts morpho-functional architecture without myocardial resection. Under extracorporeal circulation and hypothermic cardioplegia, a left atriotomy is done, the anterior mitral leaflet removed and a triangular shaped bovine pericardial graft (aproximately 2 x 6 x 6 cm) is implanted inside the left ventricular cavity with 3-0 Polipropilene anclosed in Dacron felt. The graft is sutured in a divergent way from the apex to the mitral ring, at the middle of the septum and at the posterior papillary muscle. This produces an internal plication with ventricular cavity reduction. Myocardium and coronary circulation are preserved. The base of the triangular graft is sutured to the mitral annulus and the mitral bioprosthesis is implanted. The procedure was employed in 8 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, not candidates to transplantation, 2 females and 6 males, ranging from 24 to 58 years. Five had mitral regurgitation. All were in hospital, at class IV (NYHA). Mortality was 25% (2 cases): 1 in the hospital and 1 at 3 months p.o. The table shows the echocardiographic parameters for LV function: Pré-operative Post-operative Cardiac output (L/min) 2,6 ± 0,4 3,8 ± 0,7 p<0,001 Cardiac index 1,9 ± 0,9 2,7 ± 0,6 p<0,005 Ejection fraction 21,5 ± 4,0 37,8 ± 1,2 p<0,05 Intracavitary left ventricular remodeling presented a satisfactory result related to mortality and morbidity, with functional improvement over the short term. Longer follow-up is needed to evaluate its role, which might be a bridge to transplantation. A limitation exists in the necessity for replacing the mitral valve.
