Because of the low patency rate of saphenous vein grafts, the use of arterial grafts for myocardial revascularization has been increased. The revascularization of the left anterior descending coronary (LAD) with the left internal thoracic artery (ITA) is the gold standard in almost all centers in the last 15 years. There are also evidences that one additional arterial graft decrease short and long-term (10 years) morbi-mortality. Radial artery is an excellent choice for the second arterial graft because of good midterm patency (84-92% vs 70-80% of saphenous vein in 5 years). Spasm, a potential problem in arterial grafts, occurs in 5 to 10% of radial grafts. Nitroglicerin and nitrates are the most effective drugs in its control and calcium antagonists did not show any clinical benefit. The Allen test alone has been effective to assess patency of collateral blood flow and palmar arch continuity. It seems reasonable, therefore, to suggest association of another arterial graft with left ITA in attempting to improve the results of CABG and that this other graft be the radial artery.
Myocardial revascularization; Mammary arteries; Radial artery; Saphenous vein