The clinical treatment of acute type B aortic dissection has a mortality of about 25%, therefore, less than surgical mortality. The surgical treatment of chronic dissections also produces a high morbidity and mortality. The use of self-expanding endovascular stents offers a new alternative for the treatment of this disease. From April to December 1998, 15 endovascular stent grafts were implanted, 10 in acute dissections and 5 in chronic aneurysms. Ages ranged from 48 to 75 years (mean = 60.53±9.73 years), with 66.6% males. The patients were submitted to medium sternotomy, extracorporeal circulation (ECC), with deep hipothermia (18°-20°C), total circulatory arrest (TCA), and retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP). The transverse aorta was incised and the stent was implanted in the descending proximal aorta with the aid of aortoscopy. The times of ECC, aortic clamping, TCA, RCP, rewarming, mechanic ventilation, hospitalization, trans and post-operative bleeding, blood replacement, arterial samples, event curve and survival curve were analysed. The hospital mortality (30 days) was 6.6%; two patients were reoperated 3 and 6 months after surgery with aortic ascending dissection and new distal aneurysm to the stent, 14 have been followed up from 1 to 8 months post-operative, 85.7% are free of events with a survival curve of 93.1% (240 days). We conclude that the self-expanding intraluminal stents implant presented a lower mortality during the acute stage of the disease (6.6%) compared to our previous experience with clinical treatment (30%). In spite of the small sample the procedure seems to be promising and needs more follow up.
Aortic aneurysm; Dissecting aneurysm; Stents
