Mechanical assist ventricular devices have been used in the treatment of low cardiac output syndrome. These devices can be generically grouped in pulsatile and nonpulsatile. There is a great controversy about the advantages and disadvantages of each one of these groups. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the influence of the centrifugal pump used for left ventricular assistance on the coronary and carotid flow in dogs with normal heart. The efficacy of the simultaneous use of an intraaortic balloon pump to compensate the possible deleterious effects of the circulatory assistance with continuous flow was analysed. Fifteen dogs with a mean weight of 16.3 kg were studied. Hemodynamic evaluation included serial measurements of pressures of the right atrium, pulmonary capillary wedge, pulmonary artery, systemic arterial circulation and heart rate. Cardiac output was measured and the following derived hemodynamic parameters were calculated: cardiac index, systolic index, systemic vascular resistance and pulmonary vascular resistance. Carotid and coronary blood flow were obtained by electromagnetic tranducers. The parameters were analysed in four situations: S1. Standard situation; S2. Test situation - the centrifugal pump as a left ventricular assist device; S3. Test situation - the centrifugal pump associated with intraaortic balloon pump; S4. Final situation, where the intraaortic balloon is turned off to confirm its influence. The hemodynamic evaluation didn't show significant statistic changes in the analysed parameters in the four situations. In relation to the coronary flow, however, the use of circulatory isolated assistence with centrifugal pump (S2 and S4) displayed a reduction (24.6% ± 6.1) in relation to the standard situation - S1 as much as to the associated intraaortic balloon - S3 (p = 0.0079); S1 and S3 showed similar coronary flow. In relation to the carotid flow, the profile analysis suggests the existence of a difference between the multiple situations, but it is not significant (p = 0.0582). It is possible to conclude that the centrifugal pump used as a left ventricular assist device reduces the coronary flow and leads to a drop in the carotid flow in dogs with normal hearts. The use of intraaortic balloon pump associated with the centrifugal pump for left ventricular assistance increases significantly the dogs coronary flow, reaching similar values as those observed without the circulatory assistance and leads to a tendency of normalizing the carotid flow in dogs with normal hearts.
Intra-aortic balloon pumping; Assisted circulation; Heart ventricle; Coronary circulation; Carotid arteries; Assisted circulation; Assisted circulation; Regional blood flow; Cardiac out put
