Stability of behaviour patterns in the 200m breaststroke

Louro, Hugo; Silva, António J.; Campaniço, Jorge; Matos, Telmo; Conceição, Ana

doi:10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n4p401

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Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano

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Original Article • Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum 18 (4) • Jul-Aug 2016 • https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n4p401 copy

Stability of behaviour patterns in the 200m breaststroke

Estabilidade dos padrões comportamentais nos 200m do nado peito

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyse the stability of the breaststroke technique in five elite swimmers in a 200m event using a qualitative analysis. The codification of the behaviour of each swimmer during the execution of 20 cycles was achieved using an ad hoc observational instrument comprised of a system of categories and field formats to detect the behavioural patterns (T-patterns); software was used for identifying the technical behaviour of stable structures. The results showed that the stability behaviour varied depending on the swimmer, as the variations of codes in each round produced distinct configurations to determine the differences between cycles for the same swimmer. It was concluded that the instrument used in this study plays an important role through the existence of stable behaviour in the breaststroke technique. It was also concluded that there are distinct patterns and behaviours between swimmers during each lap of the race.

Key words
Observational methodology; Swimming; Technical analysis; T- patterns

Moments of observation and description of the observational “ad hoc” instrument used – SOCTB
First propulsive action of arms (FPAA)	Focuses on the aspects of the connection from one cycle to another, particularly in the moment that corresponds to the beginning of flexion until the deepest point that the hands reach.
Second propulsive action of arms (SPAA)	Focuses on the critical aspects of the second propulsive support of the arms, which finishes with the extension of the arms.
First propulsive action of legs (FPAL)	The transitional approach criterion is the maximal flexion of the knees, that the terminus it´sand terminates at the moment in which the angle of the hip/leg is 45º.
Second propulsive action of legs (SPAL)	Focuses on the moment that starts with the angle of the hip/leg at 45º and finishes with the full extension of the same parts
Recovery (R)	Focuses on the moment corresponding to the end of the cycle. Recovery moment that starts with full extension of the legs away from the body until their junction.

Laps	Moments of Observation	Swimmer(SW)	Settings (moles)	N	Stability Index (SI)
Total of four laps	First propulsive action of arm (FPAA)	SW1	1P1,1P3,1P6,1P7,1T1,1T5,1T6,1C2,1C4,1B1	20	1
		SW2	1P1,1P4,1P6,1P8,1T1,1T5,1T6,1C2,1C4,1B2	20	1
		SW3	1P1,1P4,1P6,1P8,1T1,1T5,1T6,1C2,1C4,1B2	20	1
		SW4	1P1,1P4,1P6,1P8,1T1,1T5,1T6,1C1,1C4,1B2	20	1
		SW5	1P1,1P4,1P6,1P8,1T1,1T5,1T6,1C1,1C4,1B1	20	1
	Second propulsive action of arms (SPAA)	SW1	2P1,2P4,2P5,2P8,2T3,2T4,2T7,2C2,2C3,2B2,2B3	11	0.55
		SW1	2P2,2P4,2P6,2P8,2T3,2T4,2T7,2C2,2C3,2B2,2B3	9	0.45
		SW2	2P1,2P4,2P5,2P8,2T3,2T4,2T7,2C1,2C3,2B2,2B3	14	0.70
		SW2	2P1,2P4,2P6,2P8,2T3,2T4,2T7,2C1,2C3,2B2,2B3	6	0.30
		SW3	2P2,2P3,2P5,2P8,2T3,2T4,2T7,2C1,2C3,2B2,2B3	10	0.50
		SW3	2P2,2P4,2P5,2P8,2T3,2T4,2T7,2C1,2C3,2B2,2B3	4	0.20
		SW3	2P1,2P4,2P5,2P8,2T3,2T4,2T7,2C1,2C3,2B2,2B3	1	0.05
		SW3	2P2,2P3,2P5,2P8,2T3,2T4,2T7,2C2,2C3,2B2,2B3	1	0.05
		SW3	2P2,2P3,2P6,2P8,2T3,2T4,2T7,2C2,2C3,2B2,2B3	1	0.05
		SW3	2P2,2P4,2P6,2P8,2T3,2T4,2T7,2C1,2C3,2B2,2B3	1	0.05
		SW3	2P2,2P3,2P6,2P8,2T3,2T4,2T7,2C1,2C3,2B2,2B3	2	0.10
		SW4	2P1,2P4,2P5,2P8,2T3,2T4,2T7,2C1,2C3,2B2,2B3	12	0.60
		SW4	2P2,2P4,2P6,2P8,2T3,2T4,2T7,2C1,2C3,2B2,2B3	8	0.40
		SW5	2P1,2P4,2P6,2P8,2T3,2T4,2T7,2C1,2C3,2B2,2B3	7	0.35
		SW5	2P2,2P4,2P6,2P8,2T3,2T4,2T7,2C1,2C3,2B2,2B3	13	0.65
	First propulsive action of legs (FPAL)	SW1	3P1,3P3,3P6,3T3,3T4,3C1,3B2,3B4,3B6	20	1
		SW2	3P1,3P3,3P5,3T3,3T4,3C1,3B2,3B4,3B6	20	1
		SW3	3P1,3P3,3P5,3T3,3T4,3C1,3B2,3B4,3B6	19	0.95
		SW3	3P1,3P3,3P5,3T1,3T4,3C1,3B2,3B4,3B6	1	0.05
		SW4	3P1,3P3,3P5,3T3,3T4,3C1,3B1,3B4,3B6	5	0.25
		SW4	3P1,3P3,3P5,3T3,3T4,3C1,3B2,3B4,3B6	15	0.75
		SW5	3P1,3P3,3P5,3T3,3T4,3C1,3B1,3B4,3B6	20	1
	Second propulsive action of legs (SPAL)	SW1	4P1,4P3,4P6,4T2,4T5,4T6,4C1,4B2,4B4	16	0.80
		SW1	4P1,4P4,4P6,4T2,4T5,4T6,4C1,4B2,4B4	4	0.20
		SW2	4P1,4P4,4P6,4T2,4T5,4T6,4C1,4B2,4B4	9	0.45
		SW2	4P1,4P4,4P6,4T2,4T5,4T6,4C2,4B2,4B4	11	0.55
		SW3	4P1,4P4,4P6,4T2,4T5,4T6,4C2,4B2,4B4	17	0.85
		SW3	4P1,4P4,4P6,4T2,4T5,4T6,4C1,4B2,4B4	2	0.10
		SW3	4P1,4P4,4P6,4T2,4T5,4T6,4C1,4B1,4B4	1	0.05
		SW4	4P1,4P4,4P6,4T2,4T5,4T6,4C1,4B2,4B4	20	1
		SW5	4P1,4P4,4P6,4T2,4T5,4T6,4C1,4B2,4B4	2	0.10
		SW5	4P1,4P4,4P6,4T2,4T5,4T6,4C1,4B1,4B4	11	0.55
		SW5	4P1,4P4,4P6,4T2,4T5,4T6,4C2,4B2,4B4	3	0.15
		SW5	4P1,4P4,4P6,4T2,4T5,4T6,4C2,4B1,4B4	4	0.20
	Recovery (R)	SW1	5P2,5P3,5P5,5P8,5T2,5T4,5T6,5C2,5B2	20	1
		SW2	5P2,5P3,5P5,5P8,5T2,5T4,5T5,5C2,5B2	20	1
		SW3	5P2,5P3,5P5,5P8,5T2,5T4,5T5,5C2,5B2	20	1
		SW4	5P2,5P3,5P5,5P8,5T2,5T4,5T5,5C2,5B2	20	1
		SW5	5P2,5P3,5P5,5P8,5T2,5T4,5T5,5C2,5B2	20	1

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[1] Ana Conceição, Sports Sciences School of Rio Maior. Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Av. Dr. Mário Soares, 2040-413 Rio Maior – Portugal. E-mail: anaconceicao@esdrm.ipsantarem.pt