BACKGROUND: Ultrasound-guided thrombin injection (TI) is an option for the treatment of femoral artery pseudoaneurysm. Nevertheless, the result of this technique in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) may be compromised by the use of antithrombotic drugs. In addition, thrombin extravasation to systemic circulation could potentially cause an increase in thromboembolic events. METHODS: Patients admitted with ACS who developed femoral artery pseudoaneurysm after a percutaneous procedure and treated by TI between January 2007 and July 2011 were included. Clinical and laboratory characteristics, treatment results and complications were evaluated. RESULTS: We evaluated 23 patients with mean age of 67.1 ± 14.2 years, 60.9% were women, with body mass index of 28.4 ± 4.7 kg/m² and 52.2% were diabetics. At presentation, 87% had non-ST elevation ACS and the remaining had ST elevation myocardial infarction. Of the evaluated patients, 70% were submitted to percutaneous coronary intervention. All patients were receiving aspirin, 78.3% used P2Y12 inhibitors and 39.1% used glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors. TI was successful in occluding the pseudoaneurysm in 100% of cases (96.7% after the first injection), without distal embolization, local infection or need of surgical correction. There were no cases of myocardial infarction, stroke or unscheduled revascularization. There was one death due to cardiogenic shock 22 days after TI, on the second post-operative day after an elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of femoral artery pseudoaneurysm by TI is a safe and effective procedure in patients with ACS.
Cardiac catheterization; Thrombin; Ultrasonography, interventional; Acute coronary syndrome
