BACKGROUND: The repair of bone loss had a great improvement starting in the middle of the last century, when the Medicine had a big evolution in solving the problems of tissue loss using initially soft metals, silicone, acrylic of rapid polymerization, came up at the same time of the use of bone graft autologous. The bone graft autologous developed in the way that became the first choice for reconstruction of bone loss. The common area to obtain the bones grafts are: cranial, iliac bones, ribs and tibia. In the last 30 years, with the improvement of techniques and the use of precisely surgical materials, for extraction of the bones for grafts and also for insertion of the bone at the receptor area, these processes established the way to do reconstruction surgeries. Besides the processes listed above we also take in consideration that we had about embryologic origin of the bones with are divided in: cartilaginous bones (tibia, iliac bones and ribs) and membranous bones, therefore the "parietals bones", are prioritized for the repair of cranial and facial bones. Besides the embryologic origin of the bones we should also emphasize the knowledge of the compact bone and spongy bone history. We would like also to mention the precursor cells of the bone tissues, osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts.
Bone and bones; Bone transplantation; Craniofacial abnormalities
