Soil fertility is defined as the capacity of the soil to supply nutrients, in a balanced proportion for plant growth and productivity, in the absence of toxic elements. This concept, based on the mineralist theory, is widely used around the world. With the shift away from conventional systems, high crop yields are frequently obtained under no-tillage, even where soil fertility indexes are considered inadequate, according to soil fertilizer recommendations for the conventional system. It is possible that the traditional evaluation, and consequently, the mineralist concept might be inadequate or insufficient to express soil fertility as perceived by plants grown in no-tillage systems in the long term. The objective of this study was to verify the capacity of the mineralist concept and its evaluation system, to express fertility as perceived by plants in a no-tillage system with different crop rotations. Soil fertility indicators and grain corn yields were evaluated in the growing season 2005/06, in two irrigated experiments conducted for 20 years in Eldorado do Sul, State of Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil, in different cultivation systems. The results showed that soil chemical indicators, commonly used to evaluate soil fertility, could not always detect changes in the soil productivity according to the different crop management systems. The tested soil fertility indexes were generally weakly associated with corn yield in this evaluation, which shows that the mineralist concept of soil fertility is not sufficient to express the fertility perceived by plants grown in soils of long-term no-tillage systems.
chemical indexes; corn yield; long term no-tillage system
