To date, little is known about the dynamics of water and air in porous spaces of soils exposed to mechanical stresses, mainly when the pressure is located on the pre-consolidation line. This study aimed to quantify the changes in the porous spaces of an Acrisol under two tillage systems, submitted to increasing one-dimensional compression, emphasizing the bulk density and water retention at two water potential levels. Undisturbed soil samples were collected under conventional tillage (CT) and no-till (NT), with three replications, from the Ap surface horizon (0-0.075 m) of an Red-Yellow Dystrophic Acrisol at the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria in Rio Grande do Sul State. The sample water content was standardized at -32 kPa in a Richards membrane-plate extractor and the samples were submitted to one-dimensional pressures of 0, 50, 100, and 200 kPa in an open-drained oedometric cell. After the trial, clods were pushed by hand and were submitted in four replications to two water potential levels (-1.600 and -100 kPa) in a Richards membrane (cell). Sample volumes as well as gravimetric water contents were determined by weighing in kerosene after oven-drying at 105 °C. ANOVA was performed as well as regression analysis, whenever necessary. The response of soil bulk density to the increasing pressure was a linear function for SPD and a square function for SPD. In both management systems the water content was exponentially related with the stress levels. Variation in water retention can be explained by 85 % by the one-dimensional compression, which was positive for CT and negative for NT. At a water potential of -100 kPa the changes in bulk density and gravimetric water content were relevant in both management systems. It was concluded thatthe soil under CT is more sensitive to mechanical stress than that under NT, as demonstrated in the magnitude of reduction of porous space and air proportion contained within.
soil-water relation; water potential; sustainable system; mercury porosimetry
