Undisturbed samples of representative horizons of soils from Jaíba Project, northern Minas Gerais, Brazil, and compacted and non-compacted layers of soils under intensive use were collected and micromorphologically analyzed to obtain more information on their evolution degree and also to evaluate the soil alterations caused by agricultural use. Four soils derived from limestone (P1 to P4) and one originated from detritic sediments (P5) were studied, as well as layers with and without indication of compaction. The micromorphological study revelead that the soils have very distinct and variable characteristics as a function of their classes and parent materials. The Cambisol (Inceptisol) originated from limestone has as a remarkable characteristic the vertical flux of silica and clay, without, however, characterizing textural (similar to argillic) horizon and a higher development of blocky structure. The Cambisol derived from detritic sediments presents a lateral flow of clay, a remarkable presence of iron diffusion skins and a less developed tending to granular structure. The Dark-Red Podzolic soil (Alfisol) showed blocky structure and the presence of deposition skins, many of these features being incorporated by the s-matrix, possibly an indication of transition to Latosol (Oxisol). The Latosols present granular structure, but this is much less developed than the corresponding one observed for the gibbsitic Latosols already analyzed in the country, what may indicate a smaller degree of evolution of these soils. The faunal activity seems to be the main responsible agent for the development of the Podzolic and Latosols microstructures. As for compaction, the micromorphological studies revealed differences in the plasm organization and in the form of pores when compacted and non-compacted layers were compared. In general, the plasm of the compacted layers is denser and the pores are altered as a function of the physical effort imposed to the soils.
microstructure; limestone; detritic sediments; compaction