No tillage (NT) is a proven and efficient soil management practice used to reduce soil erosion, minimizing soil losses. However, the absence of soil movement associated with traffic of heavy machinery cause changes in the soil structure, which combined with low surface roughness, can affect water dynamics by reducing the water infiltration rate. Our aim was to evaluate changes in soil properties under NT and chiseling in no tillage (CNT), as well as the effect of distinct planter furrow openers on soil characteristics. The following parameters were assessed: bulk and particle density, total porosity, macroporosity, water infiltration into soil prior to soybean planting, surface roughness, percentage of soil surface covered with crop residues before and after planting, and soil hydraulic conductivity after 12 months of chiseling. CNT showed a lower soil density than NT, higher water infiltration, higher saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, and higher surface roughness. Therefore, CNT improved soil and water conservation since there were still residual effects one year after chiseling. Total porosity and macroporosity did not differ significantly between the soil management systems. Soil cover was similar under both managements before planting, i.e., six months after chiseling; however, at soybean planting, the hoe-type planter provided better incorporation of crop residues into the soil than the double-disc type.
water infiltration; surface roughness; seed drills
