Laboratory |
Determination of the soil bulk density and soil water content for three contrasting soil types |
Experimental measurement of the soil mass attenuation coefficient, soil bulk density, and soil water content using collimated radiation beams (radioactive source of 134Cs) |
Reichardt (1965)Reichardt K. Uso da radiação gama na determinação da densidade aparente e da umidade do solo [thesis]. Piracicaba: Universidade de São Paulo; 1965.
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Laboratory/Field |
General review of gamma-ray attenuation methods for determining soil water content and bulk density |
Experimental measurement of the soil bulk density and soil water content using single- and dual-energy setups (radioactive sources of 241Am and 137Cs) |
Ferraz and Mansell (1979)Ferraz ESB, Mansell RS. Determining water content and bulk density of soil by gamma-ray attenuation technique. Florida: University of Florida; 1979. (Technical Bulletin, 807).
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Laboratory |
Proposal for a new method of soil mechanical analysis and continuous measurements of soil particle concentration |
Experimental measurement of the soil particle size distribution and their fractions in soil suspensions under sedimentation using collimated radiation beams (radioactive source of 241Am) |
Vaz et al. (1992)Vaz CMP, Oliveira JCM, Reichardt K, Crestana S, Cruvinel PE, Bacchi OOS. Soil mechanical analysis through gamma ray attenuation. Soil Technol. 1992;5:319-25.
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Laboratory/Simulation |
Detailed analysis of the mass attenuation coefficient dependence with energy and soil composition |
Experimental measurements of the mass attenuation coefficient using collimated radiation beams (radioactive sources of 241Am, 152Eu, 133Ba, 137Cs, 54Mn, and 60Co) and calculations made using the XCOM |
Appoloni and Rios (1994)Appoloni CR, Rios EA. Mass attenuation coefficients of Brazilian soils in the range 10-1450 keV. Appl Radiat Isotopes. 1994;45:287-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/0969-8043(94)90041-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0969-8043(94)900...
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Laboratory |
Proposal for a new method of soil water retention curve evaluation using gamma-ray attenuation |
Presentation of an experimental methodology for the use of the gamma-ray attenuation as an auxiliary technique for the evaluation of the water retention curve |
Bacchi et al. (1998)Bacchi OOS, Reichardt K, Oliveira JCM, Nielsen DR. Gamma-ray beam attenuation as an auxiliary technique for the evaluation of the soil water retention curve. Sci Agric. 1998;55:499-502. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-90161998000300019 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-9016199800...
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Laboratory |
Measurement of soil pore size distributions and the proposal of calibration equations for monitoring changes in soil pore space |
Experimental measurements of the total, intra-aggregate, and inter-aggregate porosities of dry soil clods using collimated radiation beams (radioactive source of 241Am) |
Oliveira et al. (1998)Oliveira JCM, Appoloni CR, Coimbra MM, Reichardt K, Bacchi OOS, Ferraz E, Silva SC, Galvão Filho W. Soil structure evaluated by gamma-ray attenuation. Soil Till Res. 1998;48:127-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-1987(98)00130-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-1987(98)00...
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Laboratory |
Measurement of the soil water content and determination of the soil hydraulic conductivity |
Experimental measurement of the soil water content, for different depths and times, in soil columns during water vertical infiltration experiments using collimated radiation beams (radioactive source of 241Am) |
Moreira et al. (2001)Moreira AC, Cavalcante FHM, Rocha MC, Portezan O, Coimbra MM, Quiñones FRE, Appoloni CR. Hydraulic conductivity of undeformed soil columns by gamma ray transmission. Radiat Phys Chem. 2001;61:693-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-806X(01)00377-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-806X(01)00...
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Laboratory |
Analysis of soil surface sealing induced by the application of sewage sludge at the topsoil |
Experimental analysis of density increments of thin soil layers using gamma-ray computed tomography and gamma-ray attenuation (radioactive source of 137Cs) |
Pires et al. (2002)Pires LF, de Macedo JR, Souza MD, Bacchi OOS, Reichardt K. Gamma-ray computed tomography to characterize soil surface sealing. Appl Radiat Isotopes. 2002;57:375-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-8043(02)00098-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-8043(02)00...
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Laboratory |
Definition of optimal thicknesses for measurements of soil mass attenuation coefficients and their influence in determinations of soil physical properties |
Experimental measurements of the mass attenuation coefficient of soil samples with different thicknesses using collimated radiation beams (radioactive sources of 241Am and 137Cs) and of the soil bulk density through gamma-ray computed tomography (radioactive source of 241Am) |
Borges et al. (2014a) |
Laboratory/ Simulation |
Evaluation of the influence of different methods to determine the mass attenuation coefficient |
Experimental measurement of the mass attenuation coefficient using collimated radiation beams (radioactive sources of 241Am) and computer-based-simulations (XCOM, GEANT4, Fluka, and MCNP) |
Pires and Medhat (2016)Pires LF, Medhat ME. Different methods of mass attenuation coefficient evaluation: Influences in the measurement of some soil physical properties. Appl Radiat Isot. 2016;111:66-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.02.012 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2016....
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Laboratory/ Simulation |
Analyses of radiation interaction parameters based on information of X-ray diffraction data and Rietveld Method |
Experimental measurement of the soil elemental composition through X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence and simulation of the mass attenuation coefficient through XCOM |
Pires et al. (2019)Pires LF, Leite WC, Brinatti AM, Saab SC. Radiation attenuation properties based on the quantification of soil components using the Rietveld Method. Results Phys. 2019;12:2009-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2019.02.036 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2019.02.0...
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