The intensive soil use together with inadequate management practices contribute to the deterioration of soil physical properties, mainly due to modifications in the soil structure pattern. Once the structural changes could affect the morphology aggregates in different ways, the search for new methods of studying soil macro-morphological characteristics must be prioritized to allow the observation of modified characteristics in cultivated soils. Therefore, this study was carried out to adapt and test a digital method for a qualitative macro-morphological analysis of soil aggregates of Rodhic Haplustox in samples taken in 1998, aiming to detect morphological modifications caused by human activities. From an original set of eleven, five replicated treatments were selected: no till, cinzel plow, heavy disk harrow, disk plow and chisel plow, carried out annually. The shape of the different soil aggregates was from images obtained using a scanner (HP 6100C with 1200 dpi optical resolution) which were then processed by the computer program UTHSCSA Image Tool. This program furnishes values of different aggregate indexes: roundness, compactness and lengthiness. The roundness index depends on the perimeter measurement (external roughness) and the compactness and lengthiness indexes depend on the measurement of the length of the longest axle (long edges). Generally, the management systems used during three consecutive years did not modify the aggregate morphology of the clayey Rodhic Haplustox for the analyzed variables. Image analysis sensitively detected alterations in soil aggregate morphology promising considerable usefulness as a novel tool for on soil structure studies.
macro-morphological analysis of aggregates; management systems lengthiness; roundness; compactness
