Soil tillage affects soil acidification and nutrient cycling and possibly causes effects on crop development and yields. In this study, the long-term (21 yr) effect of the no-tillage system (NT) on soil chemical characteristics (solid phase and solution) was evaluated in a south Brazilian Oxisol (Guarapuava, Paraná State), focussing on acidity components. NT caused an acidification process in the top soil layer, demonstrated by lower pH values (2-10 cm) and higher concentration and saturation values of Al (6-20 cm), in comparison to soil with conventional tillage (CT). However, the highest values of exchangeable and soil solution Ca, Mg and K, bases saturation, available P (Mehlich-1 and Resin), and total and soluble organic carbon in no-tilled soil off-set the negative effect of the soil acidification and contribute to a 22 % higher accumulated crop yield (39 harvests) than under conventionally tilled soil.
soil tillage system; soil chemical characteristic; crop yields; soil solution