Argentina |
Recomposition of the livestock stock in the context of climate change and desertification. Inclusion and adaptation of the Neuquén Creole goat |
Technological and social |
Lanari et al. (2003) |
Hauling, distribution, and storage of water on farms, the re-functionalization and/or execution of drilling, the acquisition of community, and rotary pumping equipment |
Structural physical, social, and institutional |
Cáceres and Rodríguez-Bilella (2014)Cáceres DM, Rodríguez-Bilella P. Access and appropriation of water in poor rural communities in central Argentina. Transformations and conflicts. Econ Soc Territ. 2014;45:359-95.
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Germplasms adapted to climate variability in subtropical environments |
Technological |
Ermini et al. (2013Ermini JL, Pantuso FS, Tenaglia G, Pratta GR. Marcadores de AFLP en el cultivo de banana: selección de combinaciones de cebadores y caracterización de la biodiversidad. Rev Fac Cien Exac Quim Nat Univ Morón. 2013;11:83-110.; 2016) |
Advancement of agriculture along with increased rains. Conservationist agriculture and adoption of process technologies (management of crops with an ecophysiological basis, genetic improvement, etc.) |
Technological |
Viglizzo and Jobbagy (2010)Viglizzo EF, Jobbágy E. Expansión de la frontera agropecuaria en Argentina y su impacto ecológico-ambiental. Buenos Aires: Ediciones INTA; 2010.; Andrade (2017)Andrade FH. Los desafíos de la agricultura argentina: satisfacer las futuras demandas y reducir el impacto. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires: Ediciones INTA; 2017.
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Bolivia |
Reduce deforestation, coverage with irrigation systems. Territorial planning |
Structural physical and institutional |
Andersen et al. (2014)Andersen LE, Jemio Mollinedo LC, Valencia H. La economía del cambio climático en Bolivia: Impactos en el sector agropecuario. Washington, DC: CEPAL, Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo; 2014.
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Scatter plots at different altitudes to reduce risks |
Technological and social |
Boillat and Berkes (2013)Boillat S, Berkes F. Perception and interpretation of climate change among Quechua farmers of Bolivia: indigenous knowledge as a resource for adaptive capacity. Ecol Soc. 2013;18:21.
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Brazil |
Pro-Alcohol program to produce ethanol from sugar cane |
Institutional |
Boddey et al. (2008)Boddey RM, Soares LB, Alves BJ, Urquiaga S. Bio-ethanol production in Brazil. In: Pimentel D, editor. Biofuels, solar and wind as renewable energy systems. Dordrecht: Springer; 2008. p. 321-56. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8654-0_13 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8654-...
; Barros Soares et al. (2009a); Nasar and Moreira (2013)Nasar AN, Moreira M. Evidences on sugarcane expansion and agricultural land use changes in Brazil. São Paulo: Report Institute for International Trade Negotiations; 2013 [cited 2021 Jun 18]. Available from: https://www.sugarcane.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/evidences_on_sugarcane_expansion_and_agricultural_land_use_changes_in_brazil_1206.pdf. https://www.sugarcane.org/wp-content/upl...
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Diversification of crops with sorghum and beans |
Social |
Barros Soares et al. (2009b) |
Laws that regulate deforestation. Intensification only when land resources are scarce |
Technological and institutional |
Barretto et al. (2013)Barretto AGOP, Berndes G, Sparovek G, Wirsenius S. Agricultural intensification in Brazil and its effects on land-use patterns: an analysis of the 1975–2006 period. Glob Change Biol. 2013;19:1804-15. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12174 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12174...
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Integrated crop-livestock systems |
Technological |
Lemaire et al. (2014)Lemaire G, Franzluebbers A, Faccio PCC, Dedieu B. Integrated crop-livestock systems: strategies to achieve synergy between agricultural production and environmental quality. Agr Ecosyst Environ. 2014;190:4-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.08.009 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.08.0...
; Salton et al. (2014)Salton JC, Mercante FM, Tomazi M, Zanatta JA, Concenco G, Silva WM, Retore M. Integrated crop-livestock systems in Tropical Brazil: Toward a sustainable production system. Agr Ecosyst Environ. 2014;190:70-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.023 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.0...
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Agriculture intensification. Laws against deforestation |
Technological |
Lapola et al. (2013)Lapola DM, Martinelli LA, Peres CA, Ometto JPHB, Ferreira ME, Nobre CA, Aguiar APD, Bustamante MMC, Cardoso MF, Costa MH, Joly CA, Leite CC, Moutinho P, Sampaio G, Strassburg BBN, Vieira ICG. Pervasive transition of the Brazilian land-use system. Nat Clim Change. 2013;4:27-35. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2056 https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2056...
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Double crops for longer rainy season |
Technological |
Arvor et al. (2014)Arvor D, Dubreuil V, Ronchail J, Simoes M, Funatsu BM. Spatial patterns of rainfall regimes related to levels of double cropping agriculture systems in Mato Grosso (Brazil). Int J Climatol. 2014;34:2622-33. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.3863 https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.3863...
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Greater diversification of crops and agroforestry systems |
Social and technological |
Franchini et al. (2007)Franchini JC, Crispino CC, Souza RA, Torres E, Hungría M. Microbiological parameters as indicators of soil quality under various soil management and crop rotation systems in southern Brazil. Soil Till Res. 2007;92:18-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.12.010 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.12....
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Need to generate seasonal forecasts and warning systems |
Technological and social |
Marengo et al. (2017)Marengo JA, Torres RR, Alves LM. Drought in Northeast Brazil - past, present, and future. Theor Appl Climatol. 2017;129:1189-200. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-016-1840-8 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-016-1840-...
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Chile |
Support the sustainable use of water and soil resources by NAMAs. Early warning systems |
Institutional |
Ludueña and Ryfisch (2015) |
Implement water governance. Watering peasant |
Institutional |
Delgado et al. (2015)Delgado LE, Torres-Gomez M, Tironi-Silva M, Marín VH. Estrategia de adaptación local al cambio climático para el acceso equitativo al agua en zonas rurales de Chile. América Latina Hoy. 2015;69:113-37. https://doi.org/10.14201/alh201569113137 https://doi.org/10.14201/alh201569113137...
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Colombia |
Solar drip irrigation. New technology |
Structural physical and social |
Galindo et al. (2017)Galindo AM, Pérez JM, Rojano RA. Medidas de adaptación al cambio climático en una comunidad indígena del norte de Colombia. Rev UDCA Act Div Cient. 2017;20:187-97.
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Management of shade in coffee plantations, renovation with rust-resistant varieties, association of crops, plant cover, staggered planting and reforestation |
Technological |
Turbay et al. (2014)Turbay S, Nates B, Jaramillo F, Vélez J, Ocampo O. Adaptación a la variabilidad climática entre los caficultores de las cuencas de los ríos Porce y Chinchiná, Colombia. Investigaciones Geográficas. Boletín del Instituto de Geografía. 2014;85:95-112. https://doi.org/10.14350/rig.42298. https://doi.org/10.14350/rig.42298...
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Remediating effects of floods, soil management, risk awareness |
Technological, social and institutional |
Alencastro (2014)Alencastro L. Gasto público y adaptación al cambio climático: Análisis de Colombia, el Ecuador, Nicaragua y el Uruguay. Naciones Unidas, Santiago de Chile: CEPAL - Euroclima, Comisión Europea; 2014.
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Livestock Plus Project: sustainable intensification of livestock farming in the tropics based on the use of improved forages |
Technological and institutional |
Serna et al. (2017)Serna L, Escobar D, Tapasco J, Arango J, Chirinda N, Chacon M, Segura J, Villanueva C. Retos y oportunidades para el desarrollo de la NAMA ganadería en Colombia y Costa Rica. Copenhagen, Denmark: CCAFS Info Note. CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS); 2017.
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Consider the gender perspective in mitigation strategies, so as not to ignore traditional knowledge. Influence of war: female heads of household |
Social |
Tafur et al. (2015a) |
Silvo-pastoral intensive production. Agroecological principles |
Technological |
Murgueitio et al. (2013)Murgueitio E, Chará JD, Solarte AJ, Uribe F, Zapata C, Rivera JE. Agroforestería pecuaria y sistemas silvopastoriles intensivos (SSPi) para la adaptación ganadera al cambio climático con sostenibilidad. Rev Colomb Cienc Pec. 2013;26:313-6.
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Ecuador |
Diversification of production, gene banks, species for erosion control |
Technological |
Alencastro (2014)Alencastro L. Gasto público y adaptación al cambio climático: Análisis de Colombia, el Ecuador, Nicaragua y el Uruguay. Naciones Unidas, Santiago de Chile: CEPAL - Euroclima, Comisión Europea; 2014.
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Peru |
Incremental adaptation: shade or irrigation; pest and disease management, soil and fertility. Adaptation with large adjustments: New varieties; diversification with Robusta or other crops |
Technological |
Avelino et al. (2015)Avelino J, Cristancho M, Georgiou S, Imbach P, Aguilar L, Bornemann G, Läderach P, Anzueto F, Hruska AJ, Morales C. The coffee rust crises in Colombia and Central America (2008–2013): impacts, plausible causes and proposed solutions. Food Sec. 2015;7:303-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-015-0446-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-015-0446-...
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Use of ancestral knowledge to improve water harvesting. Respect for biodiversity. |
Structural, physical and social |
Torres Guevara (2015)Torres Guevara J. Experiencias de adaptación al cambio climático, los conocimientos ancestrales, los conocimientos contemporáneos y los escenarios cualitativos en los Andes. Alcances y límites (Perú). Apuntes de Investigación. 2015;3.
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Irrigation and water use technologies; training of farmers |
Institutional |
Beekman et al. (2014)Beekman G, Cruz SM, Espinoza N, García HB, Herrera CT, Medina DH, Williams D, García-Winder M. Agua, alimento para la tierra. San José: Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la Agricultura; 2014 [cited 2020 aug 7]. Avalilable from: http://iica.int.at http://iica.int.at...
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Reduce poverty by increasing women’s participation in decision-making and ownership in the rural world |
Social |
Tafur et al. (2015b) |
Implementation of climate-smart agriculture: investments in irrigation infrastructure and conservation of water recharge areas; better pasture management, ancestral practices. Pest resistance in rice |
Institutional |
Banco Mundial et al. (2015) |
Uruguay |
Water management, sustainable land management, silvo-pastoral systems, germplasm reserves |
Technological, social and institutional |
Alencastro (2014)Alencastro L. Gasto público y adaptación al cambio climático: Análisis de Colombia, el Ecuador, Nicaragua y el Uruguay. Naciones Unidas, Santiago de Chile: CEPAL - Euroclima, Comisión Europea; 2014.
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Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia and Uruguay |
Intensification of agriculture and neglect of vulnerable land (mountains, deserts and fertile soils in some areas) |
Social and institutional |
Grau and Aide (2008)Grau HR, Aide M. Globalization and land-use transitions in Latin America. Ecol Soc. 2008;13:16.
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Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia and Uruguay |
Decrease in deforestation and expansion of summer agriculture |
Technological |
Graesser et al. (2015)Graesser J, Mitchell TA, Ricardo HG, Ramankutty N. Cropland/pastureland dynamics and the slowdown of deforestation in Latin America. Environ Res Lett. 2015;10:034017. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/3/034017 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/3/0...
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Colombia, Peru, and Ecuador |
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i) Conserve and restore the upper parts of the hydrographic basins;
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ii) Promote conservation agriculture in the upper and middle parts of the basins; and
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iii) Promote traditional and ancestral practices in family farming, identifying practices that contribute to resilience
|
Structural, physical |
Magrin (2015)Magrin GO. Adaptación al cambio climático en América Latina y el Caribe. Santiago de Chile: CEPAL; 2015.
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Colombia, Central America and México |
New varieties. New farming systems. Warning Systems |
Technological |
Avelino et al. (2015)Avelino J, Cristancho M, Georgiou S, Imbach P, Aguilar L, Bornemann G, Läderach P, Anzueto F, Hruska AJ, Morales C. The coffee rust crises in Colombia and Central America (2008–2013): impacts, plausible causes and proposed solutions. Food Sec. 2015;7:303-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-015-0446-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-015-0446-...
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Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia |
Survey of fields (platforms) or ridged in ridges (chinampas, waru-waru) |
Structural, physical |
Altieri and Nicholls (2017)Altieri MA, Nicholls CI. The adaptation and mitigation potential of traditional agriculture in a changing climate. Climatic Change. 2017;140:33-45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0909-y https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0909-...
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Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru and Colombia |
Strengthening mechanisms of adaptation and resilience |
Social |
Huggel et al. (2015)Huggel C, Scheel M, Albrecht F, Andres N, Calanca P, Jurt C, Khabarov N, Mira-Salama D, Rohrer M, Salzmann N, Silva Y, Silvestre E, Vicuña E, Zappa M. A framework for the science contribution in climate adaptation: Experiences from science-policy processes in the Andes. Environ Sci Policy. 2015;47:80-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2014.11.007 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2014.11...
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