ABSTRACT
The agricultural use of sewage sludge and derivatives is to be carried out according to requirements established by Brazilian federal legislation and by legislation of the State of São Paulo, which requires that these organic materials must have at least 30 % of the total organic carbon degraded when incorporated in agricultural soils. To observe the degradation rates of sewage sludge and of organic compost produced from the same sewage sludge mixed with ground material from tree pruning, we performed two respirometry tests according to the modified method of Cetesb (1999). The waste materials were added to bottles containing 500 g of soil collected from the 0.00-0.20 m layer of a Nitossolo Háplico Álico (Hapludox) soil. In Test I, for sewage sludge (L) and sewage sludge compost (C), application rates were calculated to provide percentages of N requirements for one sugarcane cycle, in Mg ha-1(wet basis) of waste: L1 21.2 (100 %); L2 42.4 (200 %); C1 69.4 (50 %); C2 138.9 (100 %); and C3 277.8 (200 %). Test II was conducted only with sewage sludge, at the rates of 5, 10, 15, and 20 times higher than those recommended in Test I: L3 120; L4 240; L5 360; and L6 480. The CO2-C released was quantified by measuring electrical conductivity. In Test I, the treatments with sewage sludge had lower degradation rates than treatments with sewage sludge compost, probably due to the presence of recalcitrant substances formed during the humification phase of the composting process. The 30 % degradation rate was attained only by the application rate that was 20 times higher than the rate recommended for a cycle of sugarcane, and thus these waste products could not be used in clayey agricultural soils. Therefore, it is necessary to review the values established by legislation in the State of São Paulo.
biossolid; composting; respirometry assay
