Profitability of using irrigation in forage cactus-sorghum intercropping for farmers in semi-arid environment

Silva, Thieres G. F. da; Jardim, Alexandre M. da R. F.; Diniz, Wellington J. da S.; Souza, Luciana S. B. de; Araújo Júnior, George do N.; Silva, Gabriel Í. N. da; Alves, Cleber P.; Souza, Carlos A. A. de; Morais, José E. F. de

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n2p132-139

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Articles • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 27 (2) • Feb 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n2p132-139 copy

Profitability of using irrigation in forage cactus-sorghum intercropping for farmers in semi-arid environment¹ 1 Research developed at Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil

Rentabilidade do uso da irrigação no consórcio palma-sorgo para agricultores em ambiente semiárido

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

HIGHLIGHTS:

Forage cactus-sorghum intercropping provides economic advantage for production in the semi-arid regions of Northeast Brazil.

The forage cactus-sorghum intercropping system promotes a high yield of fresh matter.

The highest net revenue values can be achieved by implementing the forage cactus-sorghum system.

ABSTRACT

Irrigation plays a fundamental role in advancing agricultural frontiers and increasing crop productivity, especially in semi-arid environments, because they exhibit high spatiotemporal rainfall variation. This practice is suggested even for adapted crops, such as forage cactus (Opuntia sp.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and single or intercropping systems. In this study, aimed to evaluate the profitability of using irrigation in a single and intercropping forage cactus-sorghum system in a semi-arid region. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement: five drip irrigation depths (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the reference evapotranspiration - ET₀) and three cropping systems (single forage cactus, single sorghum, and intercropping forage cactus-sorghum), with four replicates. The 0% ET₀ treatment corresponded to rainfed conditions at a depth of 355 mm. A cycle of forage cactus and two sorghum cultivars (plant and regrowth) was conducted between November 2014 and November 2015. It was verified that the highest costs for implantation of the crop systems in irrigated conditions are due to the acquisition of irrigation and input systems, representing 85.3% of the effective operational cost. The single sorghum and forage cactus-sorghum systems provided the highest fresh matter productivity (62,013.05 and 60,075.36 kg ha^-1, respectively). Based on economic indicators, the adoption of irrigation depths (25, 50, 75, and 100% ET₀) promoted profits for the systems (single and intercropping) from the second year of implementation.

Key words:
economic indicators; net revenue; operational cost; Opuntia sp.; Sorghum bicolor

Items of the description of costs	Fractions of the ET0
Items of the description of costs	0%	25%	50%	75%	100%
	Single forage cactus system
A - Effective operating cost (R$ ha^-1)
Irrigation system	†	6,317.40	6,317.40	6,317.40	6,317.40
Implementation of crop	550.00	550.00	550.00	550.00	550.00
Cultural practices	280.00	280.00	280.00	280.00	280.00
Inputs	2,062.50	2,062.50	2,062.50	2,062.50	2,062.50
Subtotal (A)	2,892.50	9,209.90	9,209.90	9,209.90	9,209.90
B - Costs and administrative burden (R$ ha^-1)	†
Electricity	550.00	108.71	196.40	300.40	410.04
Depreciation of components	280.00	505.39	505.39	505.39	505.39
Subtotal (B)	2,062.50	614.10	701.79	805.79	915.43
A+B - Total operating cost (R$ ha^-1)	2,892.50	9,824.00	9,911.69	10,015.69	10,125.33
	Single sorghum system
A - Effective operating cost (R$ ha^-1)
Irrigation system	†	6,317.40	6,317.40	6,317.40	6,317.40
Implementation of crop	505.00	345.00	345.00	345.00	345.00
Cultural practices	280.00	280.00	280.00	280.00	280.00
Inputs	550.00	550.00	550.00	550.00	550.00
Subtotal (A)	†	7,492.40	7,492.40	7,492.40	7,492.40
B - Costs and administrative burden (R$ ha^-1)
Electricity	†	108.71	196.40	300.40	410.04
Depreciation of components	†	505.39	505.39	505.39	505.39
Subtotal (B)	†	614.1	701.79	805.79	915.43
A+B - Total operating cost (R$ ha^-1)	1,335.00	8,106.50	8,194.19	8,298.19	8,407.83
	Intercropping forage cactus-sorghum system
A - Effective operating cost (R$ ha^-1)
Irrigation system	†	6,317.40	6,317.40	6,317.40	6,317.40
Implementation of crop	630.00	630.00	630.00	630.00	630.00
Cultural practices	280.00	280.00	280.00	280.00	280.00
Inputs	2,112.50	2,112.5	2,112.5	2,112.5	2,112.5
Subtotal (A)	†	9,339.90	9,339.90	9,339.90	9,339.90
B - Costs and administrative burden (R$ ha^-1)
Electricity	†	108.71	196.40	300.40	410.04
Depreciation of components	†	505.39	505.39	505.39	505.39
Subtotal (B)	†	614.1	701.79	805.79	915.43
A+B - Total operating cost (R$ ha^-1)	3,022.50	9,954.00	10,041.69	10,145.69	10,255.33

Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, UFCG, Av. Aprígio Veloso 882, Bodocongó, Bloco CM, 1º andar, CEP 58429-140, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil, Tel. +55 83 2101 1056 - Campina Grande - PB - Brazil
E-mail: revistagriambi@gmail.com

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[1] * Corresponding author - E-mail: alexandremrfj@gmail.com

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Profitability of using irrigation in forage cactus-sorghum intercropping for farmers in semi-arid environment1 1 Research developed at Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil

Rentabilidade do uso da irrigação no consórcio palma-sorgo para agricultores em ambiente semiárido

HIGHLIGHTS:

ABSTRACT

Profitability of using irrigation in forage cactus-sorghum intercropping for farmers in semi-arid environment¹ 1 Research developed at Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil