<b>Resistance of forage grasses to <i>Blissus pulchellus</i> Montandon (Hemiptera: Blissidae)</b>

Simon, Jaime E.; Medeiros, Roberto D. de; Lima, Antonio C. S.; Silva, Edgley S. da; Dionisio, Luiz F. S.

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v28n8e280700

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Original Article • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 28 (8) • Aug 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v28n8e280700 copy

**Resistance of forage grasses to Blissus pulchellus Montandon (Hemiptera: Blissidae)** ¹ 1 Research developed at Embrapa Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil

Resistência de poáceas forrageiras ao Blissus pulchellus Montandon (Hemiptera: Blissidae)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Chinch bugs [Blissus pulchellus Montandon (Hemiptera: Blissidae)] suck the phloem from susceptible forage grasses, injecting toxins that destroy plant vessels and compromise the flow of water and nutrients, leading to plant death. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess eight forage grasses for antixenosis resistance to B. pulchellus and compare the anatomical characteristics of leaf sheath tissue from resistant and susceptible species/cultivars. Experiments were conducted in a laboratory and greenhouse, using choice and no-choice tests with the following forage grasses: Urochloa ruziziensis, U. humidicola, U. brizantha ‘Piatã’, U. brizantha ‘Paiaguás’, U. brizantha ‘Marandu’, Panicum maximum ‘Mombaça’, P. maximum ‘Zuri’, and Andropogon gayanus. The oviposition results demonstrated that in the choice test there was a change in the stink bug’s behavior in relation to grasses four hours after infestation, with U. humidicola, P. maximum ‘Mombaça’ and ‘Zuri’, U. brizantha ‘Marandu’ and A. gayanus, proving to be less attractive to insects. It is concluded that U. humidicola, P. maximum ‘Mombaça’ and ‘Zuri’, U. brizantha ‘Marandu’, and A. gayanus are less attractive to B. pulchellus. A. gayanus and P. maximum ‘Mombaça’ and ‘Zuri’ showed non-preference resistance (antixenosis) to oviposition by B. pulchellus. The resistance of U. humidicola, P. maximum ‘Zuri’, and A. gayanus to B. pulchellus may be associated with greater compaction and lignification of the parenchyma and sclerenchyma cells of leaf sheaths.

Key words:
antixenosis; damage rating; forage pests; insect pest

HIGHLIGHTS:

Chinch bugs cause large production losses that affect agribusiness worldwide.

Compaction and lignification of the parenchyma and sclerenchyma cells of leaf sheaths can confer resistance to bedbugs.

Pest resistant materials are a solution to overcome economic losses.

Forage grasses and plant parts	Chinch bugs per plant (hours after infestation)						Average number of eggs (64 HAI)
Forage grasses and plant parts	2	4	8	16	32	64	Average number of eggs (64 HAI)
U. brizantha 'Paiaguás'	0.75 ± 0.44 a	0.77 ± 0.37 a	0.70 ± 0.37 a	1.03 ± 0.47 a	0.98 ± 0.76 a	1.26 ± 0.59 a	1.01 ± 0.39 a
U. ruziziensis	0.72 ± 0.35 a	0.90 ± 0.46 a	0.85 ± 0.46 a	0.98 ± 0.43 a	1.14 ± 0.62 a	1.24 ± 0.61 a	1.03 ± 0.42 a
U. brizantha 'Piatã'	0.72 ± 0.42 a	0.79 ± 0.38 a	0.74 ± 0.50 a	0.75 ± 0.53 a	0.72 ± 0.66 b	0.76 ± 0.57 b	1.07 ± 0.33 a
P. maximum 'Mombaça'	0.57 ± 0.38 a	0.46 ± 0.28 b	0.53 ± 0.39 b	0.40 ± 0.29 b	0.42 ± 0.35 b	0.40 ± 0.31 b	0.42 ± 0.27 b
U. humidicola	0.55 ± 0.32 a	0.42 ± 0.19 b	0.49 ± 0.38 b	0.46 ± 0.28 b	0.51 ± 0.43 b	0.46 ± 0.34 b	0.79 ± 0.49 b
A. gayanus	0.55 ± 0.40 a	0.62 ± 0.30 b	0.59 ± 0.38 b	0.46 ± 0.38 b	0.53 ± 0.41 b	0.44 ± 0.32 b	0.35 ± 0.16 b
P. maximum 'Zuri'	0.53 ± 0.31 a	0.53 ± 0.26 b	0.44 ± 0.36 b	0.35 ± 0.29 b	0.40 ± 0.33 b	0.31 ± 0.28 b	0.55 ± 0.28 b
U. brizantha 'Marandu'	0.53 ± 0.40 a	0.53 ± 0.28 b	0.51 ± 0.38 b	0.46 ± 0.28 b	0.44 ± 0.37 b	0.50 ± 0.32 b	0.96 ± 0.39 a
F	1.147^ns	5.081***	2.099*	8.998***	5.168***	12.91***	9.429**
CV (%)	14.23	22.34	26.58	18.9	18.78	27.41	24.54
Leaf	0.31 ± 0.24 c	0.42 ± 0.13 b	0.20 ± 0.13 c	0.26 ± 0.13 c	0.13 ± 0.09 c	0.24 ± 0.14 c	0.49 ± 0.15 c
Base	0.63 ± 0.23 b	0.56 ± 0.24 a	0.60 ± 0.24 b	0.65 ± 0.25 b	0.67 ± 0.27 b	0.75 ± 0.37 b	0.75 ± 0.26 b
Sheath	0.91 ± 0.34 a	0.90 ± 0.34 a	1.02 ± 0.43 a	0.92 ± 0.35 a	1.13 ± 0.25 a	1.02 ± 0.47 a	1.09 ± 0.37 a
F	50.484**	25.879**	115.753**	36.996**	74.625**	33.324**	22.959**
CV (%)	22.34	15.89	19.45	27.02	22.46	21.45	25.76

Forage grasses	Damage rating (days after infestation)
Forage grasses	6	12	18	24
U. brizantha 'Paiaguás'	1.40 ± 0.00 a	2.20 ± 0.16 a	2.90 ± 0.25 b	4.00 ± 0.28 a
U. brizantha 'Piatã'	1.35 ± 0.10 a	2.25 ± 0.10 a	3.17 ± 0.10 a	3.95 ± 0.19 a
U. brizantha 'Marandu'	1.30 ± 0.11 a	1.45 ± 0.10 b	1.60 ± 0.00 d	2.70 ± 0.38 b
A. gayanus	1.25 ± 1.10 a	1.55 ± 0.30 b	1.80 ± 0.28 d	2.05 ± 0.41 c
P. maximum 'Mombaça'	1.25 ± 0.10 a	1.60 ± 0.23 b	2.25 ± 0.19 c	2.90 ± 0.35 b
U. ruziziensis	1.20 ± 0.00 a	1.70 ± 0.11 b	2.27 ± 0.10 c	3.07 ± 0.15 b
P. maximum 'Zuri'	1.10 ± 0.11 b	1.40 ± 0.00 b	1.60 ± 0.16 d	2.10 ± 0.26 c
U. humidicola	1.05 ± 0.10 b	1.40 ± 0.16 b	1.60 ± 0.16 d	1.90 ± 0.26 c
F	6.771**	16.441**	38.742**	24.503**
CV (%)	7.38	10.01	8.73	11.71

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[1] * Corresponding author - E-mail: fernandesluiz03@gmail.com

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Resistance of forage grasses to Blissus pulchellus Montandon (Hemiptera: Blissidae) 1 1 Research developed at Embrapa Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil

Resistência de poáceas forrageiras ao Blissus pulchellus Montandon (Hemiptera: Blissidae)

ABSTRACT

HIGHLIGHTS:

**Resistance of forage grasses to Blissus pulchellus Montandon (Hemiptera: Blissidae)** ¹ 1 Research developed at Embrapa Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil