ABSTRACT
This study investigated the effect of a drying method with intermittent ratios on the effective drying time, specific energy consumption and essential oil yield of clove basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) leaves. The drying tests were conducted at the Postharvest Laboratory of Medicinal, Aromatic and Condiment Plants, from the Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil (20° 46’ 13.5” S; 42° 52’ 23.3” W, and altitude of 645 m) in October and November 2017. The experiment was conducted by using a 3 × 4 factorial scheme including three drying temperatures at 50, 60 and 70 °C, with four drying processes: continuous drying and the following three intermittent drying/tempering ratios in minutes: 10/20, 15/15 and 20/10. The design was completely randomized and with three repetitions. The application of the 10/20 intermittent ratio reduced the effective drying time and the specific energy consumption. Regarding the essential oil yield, the use of the intermittence presented different results for each temperature of drying; the highest yields were observed with continuous drying at 50 °C and drying with the 20/10 intermittent ratio at 60 °C. The results indicate that intermittent drying at 50 °C is not recommended to preserve essential oil yields.
Key words:
Ocimum gratissimum L.; medicinal plant; tempering time; effective drying time; specific energy consumption
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10/20, 15/15, 20/10 - Drying/tempering ratios in minutes
10/20, 15/15, 20/10 - Drying/tempering ratios in minutes; Coefficient of variation = 13.16%; Error bars represent the standard deviation of the means; Means followed by the same letter in each bar group do not differ from each other by Tukey’s test at p ≤ 0.05
10/20, 15/15, 20/10 - Drying/tempering ratios in minutes; CV - Coefficient of variation; ** - Significant at p ≤ 0.01 by F test