Physiological quality of soybean seeds artificially cooled and stored in different packages

Virgolino, Zirvaldo Z.; Resende, Osvaldo; Gonçalves, Douglas N.; Marçal, Kaique A. F.; Sales, Juliana de F.

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n5p473-480

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Sumário

STORAGE AND PROCESSING OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 20 (5) • May 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n5p473-480 copy

Physiological quality of soybean seeds artificially cooled and stored in different packages

Qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja resfriadas artificialmente e armazenadas em diferentes embalagens

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The aeration of seeds with artificially cooled air and their storage in big-bag packages aim to lengthen the shelf life while maintaining the quality. Thus, the objective was to study the effects of cooling before storage on germination and vigor of soybean seeds stored in trifoliate kraft paper bag and big bag in non-air-conditioned environment. Seeds of soybean cultivar NA 7337 RR were mechanically harvested in March 2013, holding an average moisture content of 18% w.b. In June, 16,000 kg of seeds were processed and cooled to 18 °C. Equal amount of non-cooled seeds was used as a control. Equally divided in kraft paper and in big bags, and combining cooling and packaging, the seeds were stored for three months and analyzed for moisture content, germination and vigor. Cooling to room temperature and different packaging types had similar effects on seed quality. Big bags packing showed better efficiency in retaining the moisture content of cooled seeds. No direct effects of cooling could be identified prior to storage on the germination and vigor of soybean seeds.

Key words:
storage; temperature; moisture contente; vigor; germination

Source of variation	DF	MC	Mean square
			EC	GSI	1º Count.	Germ.	Accelerated aging
			EC	GSI	1º Count.	Germ.	GSI	1^st count	Germ.
C	1	4.800^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.026^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.056^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.725^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.243^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.121^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.334^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.947^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time
P	1	97.20^ , * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	2.086^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.051^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	4.674^* **, * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	0.007^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	13.493^ , * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	0.063^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.125^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time
T	3	26.756^ , * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	16.188^ , * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	1,285.178^ , * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	1.526^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	1.153^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	230.724^ , * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	161.241^ , * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	5.507^ , * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;
C x P	1	6.533^* **, * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	9.192^ , * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	2.313^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.348^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	1.726^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.993^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.096^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.070^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time
C x T	3	0.622^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.336^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	4.826^ , * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	3.072^* **, * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	0.202^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.183^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.304^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.884^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time
P x T	3	16.40^ , * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	8.177^ , * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	4.074^* **, * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	1.938^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.245^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	4.066^* **, * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	0.020^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	2.316^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time
C x P x T	3	0.756^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	1.166^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	1.079^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	3.518^* **, * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	0.238^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	0.526^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time	6.491^ , * Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively;	0.446^NS NS Not significant; C - Cooling; P - Package; T - Time
CV (%)		6.37	6.58	3.42	0.96	1.55	3.71	6.58	1.46

Treatment	Packages
Treatment	Big bag	Kraft paper
Cooled	10.06 bA	9.03 aA
Non-cooled	10.71 bB	8.98 aA

Treatment	Package
Treatment	Big bag	Kraft paper
Cooled	49.35 aA	53.13 bB
Non-cooled	52.04 aB	50.70 aA

Source of variation	DF	Mean square
		Germination			Accelerated aging			Emergence
		NNP	DMNP	LNP	NNP	DMNP	LNP	NNP	DMNP	LNP
C	1	0.139^NS NS Not significant;	0.475^NS NS Not significant;	2.178^NS NS Not significant;	1.119^NS NS Not significant;	0.275^NS NS Not significant;	0.018^NS NS Not significant;	0.355^NS NS Not significant;	5.980^NS NS Not significant;	0.017^NS NS Not significant;
P	1	1.798^NS NS Not significant;	1.006^NS NS Not significant;	0.169^NS NS Not significant;	0.071^NS NS Not significant;	1.458^NS NS Not significant;	6.538^* **,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time	5.121^* **,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time	0.179^NS NS Not significant;	5.938^* **,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time
T	3	5.023^ ,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time	0.305^NS NS Not significant;	28.212^ ,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time	6.427^ ,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time	7.622^ ,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time	80.144^ ,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time	1.216^NS NS Not significant;	55.380^ ,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time	41.344^ ,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time
C x P	1	0.41^NS NS Not significant;	0.00^NS NS Not significant;	0.461^NS NS Not significant;	0.032^NS NS Not significant;	3.325^NS NS Not significant;	3.469^NS NS Not significant;	4.915^ ,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time	0.248^NS NS Not significant;	0.005^NS NS Not significant;
C x T	3	0.026^NS NS Not significant;	0.265^NS NS Not significant;	0.261^NS NS Not significant;	2.323^NS NS Not significant;	0.953^NS NS Not significant;	1.331^NS NS Not significant;	1.542^NS NS Not significant;	1.920^NS NS Not significant;	4.409^ ,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time
P x T	3	2.863^* **,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time	0.125^NS NS Not significant;	0.906^NS NS Not significant;	0.022^NS NS Not significant;	1.689^NS NS Not significant;	4.880^ ,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time	0.744^NS NS Not significant;	3.540^* **,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time	0.083^NS NS Not significant;
C x P x T	3	0.485^NS NS Not significant;	1.173^NS NS Not significant;	0.412^NS NS Not significant;	3.236^* **,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time	0.732^NS NS Not significant;	4.296^ ,* Significant at 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; C – Cooling; P – Package; T - Time	0.105^NS NS Not significant;	0.206^NS NS Not significant;	0.194^NS NS Not significant;
CV (%)		6.96	3.11	6.00	1.27	3.17	8.22	3.86	5.86	6.42

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[1] zvirgolino@yahoo.com.br (Corresponding author)