Efficiency of inert mineral dusts in the control of corn weevil

Jairoce, Carlos F.; Teixeira, Cristiano M.; Nunes, Adrise M.; Holdefer, Daniela R.; Krüger, Alexandra P.; Garcia, Flávio R. M.

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n2p158-162

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STORAGE AND PROCESSING OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 20 (2) • Feb 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n2p158-162 copy

Efficiency of inert mineral dusts in the control of corn weevil

Eficiência de pós inertes minerais no controle do gorgulho-do-milho

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Corn weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) may cause great losses in the crop and in stored corn grains. This insect is controlled with the use of chemical insecticides, which may cause serious damage to human health. One alternative of control is the use of inert dusts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of inert dusts in the control of S. zeamais under laboratory conditions. The experiment was conducted in 2014, in a completely randomized design, and the treatments consisted of basalt dust with three different granulometries (A, B and C) and diatomaceous earth, each of which at the doses of 2 and 4 kg t^-1 and a control (no application). Each treatment had four replicates, and the sample unit consisted of 20 g of corn grains infected with 10 adults of S. zeamais kept in temperature-controlled chamber at 25 °C, 70% RH and photophase of 12 h. The dust efficiency was calculated using the equation of Abbott. The mortality rate was higher with the use of diatomaceous earth, reaching 100% after 5 days of exposure and the percentage of control for basalt dusts, 29 days after treatment, was above 80%.

Key words:
Sitophilus zeamais; alternative control; abrasive effect

Treatments	Doses (kg t^-1)
T1 - Basalt dust A (0.1 mm)	2
T2 - Basalt dust A (0.1 mm)	4
T3 - Basalt dust B (0.3 mm)	2
T4 - Basalt dust B (0.3 mm)	4
T5 - Basalt dust C (0.5 mm)	2
T6 - Basalt dust C (0.5 mm)	4
T7 - Diatomaceous earth (INSECTO®)	2
T8 - Diatomaceous earth (INSECTO®)	4
T9 - Control	-

Treatments	Dose (kg t^-1)	Days after treatment (DAT)
Treatments	Dose (kg t^-1)	5	9	13	17	21	25	29
Basalt dust A	2	7.25 ± 0.4 ab	6.75 ± 0.4 ab	6.25 ± 3.3 ab	3.75 ± 0.7 bc	1.50 ± 0.6 bc	1.25 ± 0.5 b	0.75 ± 0.2 b
Basalt dust A	4	4.25 ± 1.1 bc	3.50 ± 1.4 bc	2.50 ± 1.1 cb	2.25 ± 1.1 bc	1.50 ± 0.8 bc	1.25 ± 0.8 b	0.75 ± 0.4 b
Basalt dust B	2	6.75 ± 0.4 abc	6.00 ± 0.4 ab	4.75 ± 0.5 bc	4.25 ± 0.4 b	3.50 ± 0.6 bc	2.50 ± 0.6 b	1.25 ± 0.4 b
Basalt dust B	4	8.50 ± 1.4 a	6.50 ± 0.6 ab	4.25 ± 0.7 bc	3.25 ± 0.7 bc	2.25 ± 0.7 bc	1.50 ± 0.4 b	0.75 ± 0.4 b
Basalt dust C	2	8.50 ± 1.0 a	7.75 ± 1.1 a	7.50 ± 1.1 ab	5.75 ± 1.5 ab	4.25 ± 1.3 b	3.25 ± 1.4 b	1.75 ± 1.9 b
Basalt dust C	4	3.50 ± 0.8 cd	3.25 ± 0.9 bc	2.50 ± 0.6 cd	2.25 ± 0.5 bc	2.00 ± 0.7 bc	1.50 ± 0.7 b	0.75 ± 0.7 b
Diatomaceous earth	2	0.25 ± 0.2 d	0.00 ± 0.0 c	0.00 ± 0.0 d	0.00 ± 0.0 c	0.00 ± 0.0 c	0.00 ± 0.0 b	0.00 ± 0.0 b
Diatomaceous earth	4	0.50 ± 0.3 d	0.00 ± 0.0 c	0.00 ± 0.0 d	0.00 ± 0.0 c	0.00 ± 0.0 c	0.00 ± 0.0 b	0.00 ± 0.0 b
Control	-	10.0 a	10.0 a	10.00 a	10.00 a	10.00 a	10.00 a	10.00 a
CV (%)		8.08	4.74	3.86	4.82	5.34	6.67	2.36

Treatment	Dose (kg t^-1)	Time of exposure
Treatment	Dose (kg t^-1)	5	9	13	17	21	25	29
Basalt dust A	2	25.64	28.95	34.21	60.53	84.21	86.49	91.89
Basalt dust A	4	56.41	63.16	73.68	76.32	84.21	86.49	91.89
Basalt dust B	2	30.77	36.84	50.00	55.26	60.53	75.68	86.49
Basalt dust B	4	12.82	31.58	55.26	65.79	76.32	83.78	91.89
Basalt dust C	2	12.82	18.42	21.05	39.47	55.26	64.86	81.08
Basalt dust C	4	64.10	65.75	73.68	76.32	78.95	83.78	91.89
Diatomaceous earth	2	97.44	100	100	100	100	100	100
Diatomaceous earth	4	94.87	100	100	100	100	100	100

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[1] flaviormg@hotmail.com (Corresponding author)

	SiO₂	AL₂O₃	TiO₂	Fe₂O₃	CaO	MgO	K₂O	Na₂O	MnO	P₂O₅	p.f	Sum
	(%)
A	51.13	13.99	1.21	13.48	10.79>UL	6.7	0.51	2.1	0.19	0.12	0.31	100.54
B and C	65.46	12.41	1.05>UL	7.04>UL	3.28	1.56	3.37	4.01	0.13>L	0.30>UL	1.35	99.97
	Sr	Zr	Nb	Y	Rb	Ba	Cu	Zn	V	Cr	La	Ni
	(ppm)
A	206	103	9	15	13	48	181	92	139	180	22	89
B and C	192	174	28	52	173	701	150	101	114	21	52	52