Postharvest quality of lychee treated with ozone gas or ozonated mist

Gonçalves-Magalhães, Carollayne; Faroni, Lêda R. D.; Alencar, Ernandes R. de; Rodrigues, Alessandra A. Z.; Cecon, Paulo R.; Silva, Marcus V. de A.; Sitoe, Eugénio da P. E.; Melo, Célia das E. L. D.

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v28n12e280838

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Original Article • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 28 (12) • Dec 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v28n12e280838 copy

Postharvest quality of lychee treated with ozone gas or ozonated mist¹ 1 Research developed at Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil

Qualidade pós-colheita de lichias tratadas com gás ozônio e névoa ozonizada

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Lychees are perishable fruits, and the application of ozone is a promising technology to preserve their quality. This study aimed to determine the effects of ozone gas and ozonated mist on the physicochemical properties of lychees. Two assays were performed using ozone gas and ozonated mist. The experiments were performed using a split-plot scheme, in which the plots corresponded to the treatments (ozone concentration or exposure time) and the subplots to the storage time, following a completely randomized design with three replicates. In the first experiment, ozone gas concentrations were tested (10 and 20 mg L^-1) at exposure times of 15, 30, and 45 min. Corresponding control treatments included fruits that were non-exposed to ozone gas. In the second experiment, an ozone concentration was set (20 mg L^-1) for exposure times of 3, 5, and 7 min. Exposure to ozone-free mist for 3, 5, and 7 min and control treatment were performed. The quality parameters of lychee fruits were assessed immediately after treatment (day 0) and on days 2, 4, 6, 7, and 8. Ozone gas was more effective for postharvest preservation of lychee than ozonated mist. Ozone gas was also proven to be more efficient than ozonated mist in maintaining the color of lychee peels. The effects of ozone gas and ozonated mist on pulp characteristics (Dif*, h*, and C*) were similar. Ozonated mist is recommended for vegetable species with an outer waxy cuticle or a high tolerance to water.

Key words:
Sapindaceae; Litchi chinensis Sonn.; fruit storage; ozone sanitization; physicochemical analyses

HIGHLIGHTS:

Ozone gas preserves the external appearance of lychee better than ozonated mist.

Ozone gas and ozonated mist preserve physicochemical characteristics of lychee pulp.

Ozonated mist treatment has the potential for postharvest fruit preservation.

Experiment	Variable	Treatment	Fitted equations	r²
Ozone gas	Fresh-mass loss (%)	Control	ŷ = 0.26 + 1.10**TE	0.99
		O₃ 10 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 0.27 + 1.07**TE	0.96
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 1.38 + 0.88**TE	0.95
Ozonated mist		Control	ŷ = 0.26 + 1.10**TE	0.99
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 2.90 + 1.05TE - 0.25TEMP	0.95
		O₃ free mist (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = - 4.88 + 1.17*TE + 2.93TEMP - 0.34**TEMP²	0.92
Ozone gas	Firmness (N)	Control	ŷ = 5.87	-
		O₃ 10 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 6.25	-
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 5.83	-
Ozonated mist		Control	ŷ = 5.87	-
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 10.36 - 0.72**TE	0.77
		O₃ free mist (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 7.93 - 0.36**TE	0.63

Experiment	Variable	Treatment	Fitted equations	r²
Ozone gas	Total soluble solids content (°Brix)	Control	ŷ = 18.70 + 2.70√TE - 1.04TE	0.83
		O₃ 10 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	γ = 20.38 - 0.34**TE	0.71
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 20.11 - 0.286**TE	0.62
Ozonated mist		Control	ŷ = 18.70 + 2.70√TE - 1.04TE	0.83
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 19.16 + 0.76°TE - 0,16**TE²	0.65
		O₃ free mist (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 20.11 - 0.79**TE	0.59
Ozone gas	Potential of hydrogen (pH)	Control	ŷ = 4.47 + 0.10TE - 0.01TE²	0.87
		O₃ 10 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	γ = 4.61	-
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 4.42 + 0.16TE - 0.02TE²	0.63
Ozonated mist		Control	ŷ = 4.47 + 0.10TE - 0.01TE²	0.87
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 4.49	-
		O₃ free mist (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 4.42	-
Ozone gas	Total titratable acidity (% 100 g^-1 of pulp)	Control	ŷ = 0.45	-
		O₃ 10 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 0.40	-
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	γ = 0.49 - 0.06TE + 0.007TE²	0.53
Ozonated mist		Control	ŷ = 0.45	-
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 0.42	-
		O₃ free mist (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 0.42	-

Experiment	Variable	Treatment	Fitted equations	r²
Ozone gas	Peel color difference (Dif*)	Control	ŷ = 5.41	-
		O₃ 10 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 56.09 - 0.74TE + 0.11TE²	0.53
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 1.58 - 0.36°TE + 0.11*TE² + 0.21TEMP - 0.36°TEMP²	0.87
Ozonated mist		Control	ŷ = 5.41	-
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 11.24	-
		O₃ free mist (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = - 5.98 - 0.43TE + 0.06TE² + 6.61TEMP - 0.70TEMP²	0.93
Ozone gas	Peel hue (h*)	Control	ŷ = 32.08 - 2.49°TE + 0.38*TE²	0.67
		O₃ 10 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 31.68	-
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 28.85 - 0.45nsTE + 0.19*TE² + 0.05°TEMP	0.75
Ozonated mist		Control	ŷ = 32.08 - 2.49°TE + 0.38*TE²	0.67
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 29.62 - 1.51°TE + 0.28*TE²	0.51
		O₃ free mist (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 30.49 - 1.66TE + 0.31*TE²	0.57
Ozone gas	Peel saturation (C*)	Control	ŷ = 14.46 + 0.99TE - 0.19TE²	0.92
		O₃ 10 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 17.07 - 0.54*TE - 0.04TEMP	0.70
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 16.47 - 0.99**TE	0.84
Ozonated mist		Control	ŷ = 14.46 + 0.99TE - 0.19TE²	0.92
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 12.55 + 1.62TE - 0.24TE²	0.63
		O₃ free mist (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 14.08 + 1.08TE - 0.21*TE²	0.75
Ozone gas	Pulp color difference (Dif*)	Control	ŷ = 1.36 + 0.2*TE	0.63
		O₃ 10 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 2.64	-
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 2.70	-
Ozonated mist		Control	ŷ = 1.36 + 0.2*TE	0.63
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 3.14	-
		O₃ free mist (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 2.81	-
Ozone gas	Pulp hue (h*)	Control	ŷ = 125.46 - 3.42**TE	0.84
		O₃ 10 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 107.94	-
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 107.14	-
Ozonated mist		Control	ŷ = 125.46 - 3.42**TE	0.84
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 124.68 - 4.16**TE	0.65
		O₃ free mist (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 124.93 - 3.77**TE	0.66
Ozone gas	Pulp saturation (C*)	Control	ŷ = 2.46 + 0.17*TE	0.66
		O₃ 10 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 3.31	-
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (15, 30, or 45 min)	ŷ = 3.71	-
Ozonated mist		Control	ŷ = 2.46 + 0.17*TE	0.66
		O₃ 20 mg L^-1 (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 4.19	-
		O₃ free mist (3, 5, or 7 min)	ŷ = 4.05	-

Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, UFCG, Av. Aprígio Veloso 882, Bodocongó, Bloco CM, 1º andar, CEP 58429-140, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil, Tel. +55 83 2101 1056 - Campina Grande - PB - Brazil
E-mail: revistagriambi@gmail.com

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] * Corresponding author - E-mail: lfaroni@ufv.br

Brasil

Brasil

Postharvest quality of lychee treated with ozone gas or ozonated mist1 1 Research developed at Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil

Qualidade pós-colheita de lichias tratadas com gás ozônio e névoa ozonizada

ABSTRACT

HIGHLIGHTS:

Postharvest quality of lychee treated with ozone gas or ozonated mist¹ 1 Research developed at Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil