Growth and yield of sugarcane as a function of phosphorus doses and forms of application

Albuquerque, Abel W. de; Sá, Leopoldo de A.; Rodrigues, William A. R.; Moura, Adriano B.; Oliveira Filho, Manoel dos S.

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n1p29-35

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SOIL, WATER AND PLANT MANAGEMENT • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 20 (1) • Jan 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n1p29-35 copy

Growth and yield of sugarcane as a function of phosphorus doses and forms of application

Crescimento e produtividade da cana-de-açúcar em função de doses e formas de aplicação de fósforo

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to evaluate sugarcane growth and its agricultural and industrial yield influenced by phosphorus (P) sources and forms of application. The experiment was carried out at the Paisa Sugar Mill, in Penedo-AL, Brazil, from February 2012 to February 2013. The adopted experimental design was a randomized block in a factorial arrangement, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of five doses of triple superphosphate applied in the planting furrow (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha^-1 of P₂O₅), and three doses of Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock (0, 100 and 200 kg ha^-1 of P₂O₅) applied in the total area. Phosphorus applied in the planting furrow improved sugarcane quality through the reduction of fiber and increases in purity, corrected pol, total recoverable sugar, ton of pol per hectare (TPH) and ton of sugarcane per hectare (TSH). The Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock promoted increases in stem diameter at 120 days after planting (DAP), TPH and TSH. For the interaction triple superphosphate applied in the planting furrow x Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock applied in the total area, there were significant differences in the number of tillers at 30 DAP, stem diameter at 120 DAP and TSH.

Key words:
phosphorus fertilizer; soil management; agroindustrial yield

Layer (cm)	pH (water)	Na	P	K	OM (g kg^-1)	Ca	Mg	Al	H+Al	CEC	V %
Layer (cm)	pH (water)	mg dm^-3			OM (g kg^-1)	cmol_c dm^-3					V %
00-20	6.4	11	5	15	1.03	2.4	1.5	0.01	2.1	6.09	65.5
20-40	6.2	7	2	14	0.4	1.1	1.0	0.03	1.7	3.87	56.0

SV	DF	Analysis of variance
		Mean square
		Tillers 30 DAP	Diameter 120 DAP	Purity	Fiber	CP	TRS	TPH	TSH
Blocks	3	0.509^ Significant at 0.05 probability level and	38.911^* * Significant at 0.01 probability level;	1.539^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	0.608^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	1.044^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	88.141^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	2.149^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	29.587^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)
Localized (L)	4	0.232^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	1.529^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	13.834^* * Significant at 0.01 probability level;	1.177^* * Significant at 0.01 probability level;	2.784^ Significant at 0.05 probability level and	222.644^ Significant at 0.05 probability level and	9.464^* * Significant at 0.01 probability level;	225.308^* * Significant at 0.01 probability level;
Total Area (TA)	2	0.022^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	10.037^ Significant at 0.05 probability level and	0.117^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	0.198^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	0.149^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	12.969^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	3.580^ Significant at 0.05 probability level and	109.352^ Significant at 0.05 probability level and
L x TA	8	0.956^* * Significant at 0.01 probability level;	5.765^ Significant at 0.05 probability level and	3.217^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	0.236^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	0.381^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	30.966^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	1.915^ns ns Not significant; L - Localized P fertilization in the planting furrow (triple superphosphate); TA - P fertilization in the total area (Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock)	65.945^ Significant at 0.05 probability level and
Residue	42	0.221	2.516	2.866	0.286	0.768	62.946	1.211	28.959
CV (%)		5.98	12.2	1.89	4.05	5.36	4.99	11.8	9.5

Variables	P₂O₅ in the total area (kg ha^-1)	Equations	R²
Tillers	0	Y = 6.820 + 0.1598x^0.5- 0.0031x	0.97
	100	Y = -0.0034x + 8.212	0.59
	200	Y = 7.9917 - 0.0084x + 0.00005x²	0.97
Stem Diameter	0	Y = 13.04
	100	Y = 11.967 + 0.0346x - 0.0001x²	0.78
	200	Y = 12.63 - 0.2905x^0.5 + 0.0229x	0.70

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[1] leo_sa90@hotmail.com (Corresponding author)