Lettuce production in hydroponic and fish-farming aquaponic under different channel slopes and nutrient solutions in the NFT system

Mendonça, Vinícius V. O.; Silva, César A. da; Mendonça, Claudia R. O. S. G.; Silva, Cícero J. da; Guimarães, Claudinei M.

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n9p746-754

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Articles • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 27 (9) • Sept 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n9p746-754 copy

Lettuce production in hydroponic and fish-farming aquaponic under different channel slopes and nutrient solutions in the NFT system¹ 1 Research developed at ‘Sonho Verde’ nursery, Itumbiara, GO, Brazil, and Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Morrinhos, Morrinhos, GO, Brazil

Produção de alface hidropônica e aquapônica sob diferentes declividades e soluções nutritivas no sistema NFT

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

HIGHLIGHTS:

A slope of 8% in PVC tubes increases production of lettuce in hydroponics and aquaponics systems.

Solution of 18% protein in tilapia feed increases the production and accumulation of N and P in aquaponic lettuce.

The percentage of crude protein in the tilapia diet directly influences lettuce production in aquaponics.

ABSTRACT

The slope of cultivation channels and types of nutrient solutions in hydroponics and aquaponics influence nutrient absorption and plant production. This research aimed to evaluate lettuce production under different channel slopes and nutrient solutions in hydroponic and aquaponic systems using the nutrient film technique (NFT). A randomized block design was used, with three replicates, in a 3 × 5 split-plot scheme, with three nutrient solutions (conventional hydroponic solution and two wastewaters from the tilapia fish diets, with 15 and 18% of crude protein) and five slopes (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10%) of cultivation channels (PVC tubes). The following variables were evaluated: fresh and dry mass of shoot and roots and the chemical elements of the solutions. In the tilapia feed, the nutrient solution with 18% of protein (wastewater) provides greater production and accumulation of nutrients (N and P) in the lettuce shoot. The slope of 8% on cultivation channels provides greater production of iceberg lettuce, cultivar Lucy Brown. The different slopes and nutrient solutions studied did not influence the potassium (K) accumulation in the lettuce shoot.

Key words:
Lactuca sativa L.; plant nutrition; laminar flow of nutrients

Macronutrients, micronutrients, and heavy metals	Wastewater solution (WS)		Hydroponic solution (HS)
Macronutrients, micronutrients, and heavy metals	15% crude protein (WS15%)	18% crude protein (WS18%)	Hydroponic solution (HS)
N (g kg^-1)	0.193	0.247	0.239
P (g kg^-1)	0.071	0.070	0.064
K (g kg^-1)	0.073	0.071	0.426
Ca (g kg^-1)	0.284	0.280	0.170
Mg (g kg^-1)	0.165	0.170	0.026
S (g kg^-1)	0.046	0.046	0.036
Cu (mg kg^-1)	0.320	0.330	0.045
Fe (mg kg^-1)	18.500	19.000	5.000
Mn (mg kg^-1)	1.300	1.000	0.480
Zn (mg kg^-1)	0.312	0.330	0.300
B (mg kg^-1)	0.615	0.620	0.320
Cd (mg kg^-1)	-	-	-
Pb (mg kg^-1)	0.013	0.012	-
Ni (mg kg^-1)	0.014	0.011	-
Cr (mg kg^-1)	-	-	-

Nutrients	Wastewater solution (WS)		Hydroponic solution (HS)
Nutrients	15% crude protein (WS15%)	18% crude protein (WS18%)	Hydroponic solution (HS)
N (g kg^-1)	17.90	21.03	20.30
P (g kg^-1)	6.54	5.65	7.35
K (g kg^-1)	58.10	67.30	59.10
Ca (g kg^-1)	17.30	14.90	18.05
Mg (g kg^-1)	8.20	6.90	7.50
S (g kg^-1)	2.12	2.81	3.11
Cu (mg kg^-1)	47.60	44.80	44.30
Fe (mg kg^-1)	1284.00	1498.00	1168.00
Mn (mg kg^-1)	203.00	162.00	141.00
Zn (mg kg^-1)	235.00	267.00	301.00

Evaluated variable	Source of variation				CVA (%)	CVB (%)
	Block	Nutrient solution (A)	Channel slope (B)	A × B
	2	2	4	8
Q	1.40^NS	92.3**	4466.4**	14.9**	1.04	0.85
RL	1.20^NS	1121.8**	3340.7**	41.5**	0.37	0.63
SFM	1.50^NS	224.5**	8618.8**	11.8**	0.97	1.23
SDM	1.30^NS	1326.3**	21982.2**	156.8**	0.57	0.52
RFM	0.40^NS	425.7**	4767.2**	61.8**	0.96	0.64
RDM	1.20^NS	629.1**	1030.0**	25.4**	2.77	3.92
RDM/SDM	0.10^NS	375.6**	132.4**	9.6**	2.63	5.40
N-leaf/N-solution	0.60^NS	656.3**	240.5**	46.1**	1.73	0.94
P-leaf/P-solution	0.12^NS	142.8**	173.6**	80.2**	1.61	1.67
K-leaf/K-solution	1.00^NS	0.2^NS	1.3^NS	1.4^NS	16.62	16.63

Evaluated variable	Nutrient solution	Channel slope (%)
Evaluated variable	Nutrient solution	2	4	6	8	10
Q	WS15%	12.50 c	14.20 b	17.20 b	18.50 c	20.10 b
	WS18%	13.20 a	14.80 a	17.90 a	19.30 b	21.60 a
	HS	12.90 b	14.70 a	18.10 a	19.60 a	20.40 b
SFM	W15%	149.70 b	243.50 c	348.50 b	448.30 c	385.00 c
	W18%	160.70 a	267.10 a	365.70 a	483.60 a	414.70 a
	HS	146.80 b	256.00 b	333.50 c	468.60 b	399.80 b
SDM	W15%	8.60 b	12.60 c	14.10 b	18,.30 b	15.00 b
	W18%	9.00 a	13.20 a	15.60 a	19.70 a	17.50 a
	HS	8.70 b	12.80 b	14.00 b	17.90 c	14.80 b
RFM	W15%	39.80 b	51.10 b	53.20 c	58.10 c	53.90 c
	W18%	42.10 a	56.10 a	59.10 a	65.80 a	61.50 a
	HS	40.50 b	51.70 b	56.60 b	61.20 b	56.20 b
RDM	W15%	0.95 b	1.38 b	2.70 b	3.10 c	2.30 b
	W18%	1.38 a	2.31 a	3.10 a	4.10 a	3.70 a
	HS	1.01 b	1.45 b	2.80 b	3.80 b	2.40 b
RL	W15%	12.50 b	15.4 b	16.10 b	17.50 b	17.10 b
	W18%	13.20 a	15.8 a	16.70 a	18.50 a	17.80 a
	HS	12.40 b	15.2 b	15.90 b	16.50 c	16.50 c
RDM/SDM	W15%	0.11 b	0.11 b	0.19 a	0.17 b	0.15 b
	W18%	0.15 a	0.17 a	0.20 a	0.21 a	0.21 a
	HS	0.11 b	0.11 b	0.20 a	0.21 a	0.16 b

Evaluated variable	Nutrient solution	Channel slope (%)
Evaluated variable	Nutrient solution	2	4	6	8	10
N-leaf/N-solution	WS15%	17.73 b	18.01 b	18.56 b	19.52 b	17.80 b
	WS18%	21.06 a	22.35 a	20.47 a	24.55 a	22.35 a
	HS	17.66 b	17.97 b	18.48 b	19.60 b	17.45 b
P-leaf/P-solution	WS15%	6.37 a	6.66 a	7.15 b	6.38 b	6.38 b
	WS18%	5.59 b	6.70 a	7.80 a	8.27 a	7.55 a
	HS	6.23 a	6.62 a	7.34 b	6.28 b	6.55 b

Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, UFCG, Av. Aprígio Veloso 882, Bodocongó, Bloco CM, 1º andar, CEP 58429-140, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil, Tel. +55 83 2101 1056 - Campina Grande - PB - Brazil
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[1] * Corresponding author - E-mail: neiufv@hotmail.com

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Lettuce production in hydroponic and fish-farming aquaponic under different channel slopes and nutrient solutions in the NFT system1 1 Research developed at ‘Sonho Verde’ nursery, Itumbiara, GO, Brazil, and Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Morrinhos, Morrinhos, GO, Brazil

Produção de alface hidropônica e aquapônica sob diferentes declividades e soluções nutritivas no sistema NFT

HIGHLIGHTS:

ABSTRACT

Lettuce production in hydroponic and fish-farming aquaponic under different channel slopes and nutrient solutions in the NFT system¹ 1 Research developed at ‘Sonho Verde’ nursery, Itumbiara, GO, Brazil, and Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Morrinhos, Morrinhos, GO, Brazil