Growth and production of tomato fertilized with poultry litter and swine wastewater

Algeri, Alessandra; Luchese, Augusto V.; Sato, Alessandro J.; Pivetta, Laércio A.

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n7p492-497

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Articles • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 25 (7) • July 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n7p492-497 copy

Growth and production of tomato fertilized with poultry litter and swine wastewater¹ 1 Research developed at Universidade Federal do Paraná, Palotina, PR, Brazil

Crescimento e produção do tomateiro adubado com cama de aviário e dejeto líquido de suínos

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

HIGHLIGHTS

Combining different sources of organic fertilizers is a viable strategy to balance the nutritional demand for tomato.

Tomato can be produced without soluble mineral fertilizers.

The effect of organic fertilization depends on the cultivar.

Key words:
Lycopersicon esculentum; organic fertilization; wastes

ABSTRACT

The objective of the study was to evaluate the vegetative and productive growth of two varieties of tomato plants (‘Compack’ and ‘Gaucho’) with organic fertilization of two sources: poultry litter (PL) and swine wastewater (SWW), with and without mineral supplementation. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with seven treatments and four replicates for ‘Compack’ and five repetitions for ‘Gaucho’ . The applied treatments were: the control, 100% mineral fertilization, 100% organic poultry litter - PL, 100% organic swine wastewater (SWW), 50% PL and mineral supplementation, and 50% PL complemented with SWW. At 30 and 90 days after transplanting measurements of height, leaflets width and stem diameter were recorded. At harvest, measurements of diameter, length, mass, soluble solids and titratable acidity of fruits were carried out. Also, determination of N, P and K concentrations on foliar tissues were carried out. The vegetative growth of the two tomato cultivars was lower in the control. The highest yield of ‘Compack’ tomatoes was observed with mineral fertilization, PL and SWW with mineral supplementation and PL + SWW, whereas for Gaucho tomato cultivar, the highest yield was obtained with PL + SWW fertilization.

Key words:
Lycopersicon esculentum; organic fertilization; wastes

Tomato variety	pH		Al⁺³	H + Al	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	K⁺	P (mg dm^-3)	OM	C
Tomato variety	CaCl₂	SMP	(cmol_c dm^-3)					P (mg dm^-3)	(g dm^-3)
Compack	4.84	6.15	0.0	4.44	0.90	0.85	0.21	24.10	13.11	7.61
Gaúcho	4.78	6.20	0.0	4.28	2.2	1.00	0.08	4.28	10.59	6.14

Treatments	Applied fertilizer					Available amount of nutrient			Nutritional deficit
	PL (t ha^-1)	SWW (m³ ha^-1)	SSP	KCl	Urea	P₂O₅	K₂O	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	N
	PL (t ha^-1)	SWW (m³ ha^-1)	(t ha^-1)			(kg ha^-1)
Tomato Compack
T1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-660	-660	-440
T2	-	-	3.7	1.1	1.0	660	660	440	0	0	0
T3	27	-	-	-	-	660	550	196	0	-110	-244
T4	-	90	-	-	-	357	112	440	-303	-548	0
T5	13.5	-	1.9	0.64	0.8	660	660	440	0	0	0
T6	-	45	2.8	0.9	0.5	660	660	440	0	0	0
T7	20	66	-	-	-	727	579	471	+67	-81	+31
Tomato Gaúcho
T1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-660	-660	-440
T2	-	-	3.7	1.1	1.0	660	660	440	0	0	0
T3	27	-	-	-	-	660	550	196	0	-110	-244
T4	-	167	-	-	-	305	41	440	-355	-619	0
T5	13.5	-	1.9	0.64	0.8	660	660	440	0	0	0
T6	-	83.5	2.8	1.0	0.5	660	660	440	0	0	0
T7	13.5	83.5	-	-	-	636	296	319	-24	-254	-121

Days	Treatment	‘Compack’			‘Gaúcho’
Days	Treatment	Diameter (mm)	Height (cm)	Width (mm)	Diameter (mm)	Height (cm)	Width (mm)
30	T1 - Control	6.46 d	38.00 b	34.80 b	5.1 b	31.4 b	27.5 b
	T2 - Mineral	8.62 c	38.50 b	45.24 a	10.8 a	44.4 a	48.3 a
	T3 - PL	11.15 a	45.12 a	54.26 a	10.6 a	51.0 a	51.2 a
	T4 - SWW	7.85 c	37.25 b	34.10 b	9.6 a	47.2 a	46.3 a
	T5 - PL + Mineral	9.89 b	42.62 b	36.33 b	11.5 a	52.8 a	52.8 a
	T6 - SWW + Mineral	9.35 b	40.62 b	46.33 a	9.8 a	46.4 a	47.6 a
	T7 - PL+ SWW	11.22 a	50.87 a	57.51a	11.5 a	54.4 a	57.7 a
	CV (%)	10.91	9.48	25.33	14.51	15.86	14.25
90	T1 - Control	5.88 b	65.50 b	20.84 b	5.8 b	104.2 b	31.0 b
	T2 - Mineral	8.57 a	117.83 a	48.01 a	11.6 a	166.8 a	52.1 a
	T3 - PL	10.24 a	131.25 a	43.71 a	12.2 a	172.8 a	51.9 a
	T4 - SWW	10.91 a	127.50 a	49.32 a	11.2 a	167.5 a	49.8 a
	T5 - PL + Mineral	9.58 a	109.50 a	42.48 a	11.7 a	190.6 a	50.8 a
	T6 - SWW + Mineral	9.01 a	117.88 a	46.15 a	12.2 a	172.6 a	54.5 a
	T7 - PL+ SWW	11.10 a	138.38 a	47.05 a	12.7 a	188.6 a	53.8 a
	CV (%)	16.10	14.43	17.73	11.69	8.83	10.41

Treatment	‘Gaúcho’			‘Compack’
Treatment	Diameter (mm)	Length (mm)	Yield (t ha^-1)	Diameter (mm)	Length (mm)	Yield (t ha^-1)
Control	58.92 b	42.50 c	3.10 d	53.00 b	43.97 b	2.83 b
Mineral	57.10 b	40.62 c	16.75 c	66.50 a	53.2 a	11.80 a
PL	73.60 a	49.24 a	30.00 b	57.14 b	47.53 b	4.05 b
SWW	67.92 a	47.96 a	26.46 b	68.92 a	55.72 a	5.71 b
PL + Mineral	64.72 a	45.22 b	33.01 b	61.64 a	50.00 b	10.37 a
SWW + Mineral	56.78 b	40.54 c	24.22 b	68.18 a	53.3 a	8.90 a
PL + SWW	66.90 a	45.02 b	42.10 a	62.77 a	49.28 b	9.02 a
CV (%)	8.63	6.38	26.44	7.25	8.02	21.29

Treatment	‘Gaúcho’		‘Compack’
Treatment	SS (°Brix)	TA (%citric acid)	TA (%citric acid)	SS (°Brix)
Control	3.2 b	0.30 b	0.33 ns	4.27 ns
Mineral	4.5 a	0.40 a	0.38 ns	5.37 ns
PL	3.1 b	0.27 b	0.40 ns	5.40 ns
SWW	4.2 a	0.40 a	0.34 ns	4.80 ns
PL + Mineral	4.4 a	0.42 a	0.48 ns	6.10 ns
SWW + Mineral	5.1 a	0.46 a	0.44 ns	5.45 ns
PL + SWW	3.5 b	0.37 a	0.41 ns	5.63 ns
CV (%)	19.05	19.94	21.20	15.29

Treatment	Tomato Compack			Tomato Gaúcho
	N	P	K	N	P	K
	(g kg^-1)
Control	29.67 b	6.27 a	9.16 b	35.00 b	2.64 b	32.86 c
Mineral	48.47 a	4.74 a	14.30 a	46.66 a	4.82 b	51.54 a
PL	52.00 a	8.27 a	18.10 a	38.74 b	8.42 a	31.32 c
SWW	50.53 a	7.51 a	13.41 a	44.56 a	4.54 b	41.64 b
PL + Mineral	50.23 a	8.00 a	15.20 a	41.14 a	6.82 a	37.10 c
SWW + Mineral	54.43 a	6.00 a	15.70 a	41.64 a	7.24 a	42.90 b
PL + SWW	50.85 a	4.86 a	17.00 a	41.64 a	8.00 a	33.56 c
CV (%)	12.33	39.76	24.50	10.18	28.73	16.24

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[1] * Corresponding author - E-mail: sandra.algeri.utfpr@gmail.com

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Growth and production of tomato fertilized with poultry litter and swine wastewater1 1 Research developed at Universidade Federal do Paraná, Palotina, PR, Brazil

Crescimento e produção do tomateiro adubado com cama de aviário e dejeto líquido de suínos

HIGHLIGHTS

ABSTRACT

Growth and production of tomato fertilized with poultry litter and swine wastewater¹ 1 Research developed at Universidade Federal do Paraná, Palotina, PR, Brazil