Agronomic performance of common bean crops fertigated with treated sewage and mineral fertilizer

Araújo, Edcássio D.; Santos, Silvânio R. dos; Alves, Pablo F. S.; Kondo, Marcos K.; Carvalho, Abner J. de; Feitosa, Francielle de M.

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n8p520-527

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Articles • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 24 (8) • Aug 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n8p520-527 copy

Agronomic performance of common bean crops fertigated with treated sewage and mineral fertilizer

Desempenho agronômico do feijoeiro-comum fertigado com esgoto sanitário tratado e adubação mineral

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The water deficit in arid and semiarid regions and the high cost of fertilizers are factors for the study of application of sewage on agricultural crops. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of application of different doses of treated sewage from the tertiary treatment (TS-3), and mineral fertilizer on the yield and production components of common bean plants. The experiment was conducted in Janaúba, MG, Brazil, using a randomized block design, with four repetitions, in a split-plot scheme, with five treatments in the plots consisting of potassium (K₂O) applications at the dose required by common bean plants via clear water + 40 kg ha^-1 of K₂O mineral (Control), and TS-3 applications supplying 20, 40, 60 and 80 kg ha^-1 of K₂O, and two cultivars in the subplots, BRS-MG-Madreperola and Ouro Negro. The cultivar Ouro Negro was more responsive than the cultivar BRS-MG-Madreperola to the different TS-3 doses and mineral fertilizer regarding their leaf, stem, and shoot dry weights, and their ratios. However, the highest doses of K₂O via TS-3 affected negatively the grain yield in common bean plants. The dose of 20 kg ha^-1 of K₂O via TS-3 is the best dose for common bean plants.

Key words:
BRS-MG-Madreperola; nutrients; Ouro Negro; yield

Layer (cm)	pH	OM (dag kg^-1)			P		K	Ca		Mg		SB		CEC		CEC_pH7		BS (%)
Layer (cm)	pH	OM (dag kg^-1)			(mg dm^-3)			(mol_c dm^-3)										BS (%)
0-20	6.5	1.4			19.7		146.0	3.6		1.4		5.6		5.6		7.2		76.5
20-40	6.3	0.8			9.7		100.8	3.1		1.1		4.7		4.7		6.4		72.6
	B		Cu	Fe		Mn			Zn	Prem (mg L^-1)	CE (dS m^-1)		Sand		Silt		Clay
	(mg dm^-3)									Prem (mg L^-1)	CE (dS m^-1)		(dag kg^-1)
0-20	0.3		0.9	21.6		31.0			1.2	34.5	0.5		51.8		22.2		26.1
20-40	0.2		1.0	21.0		20.4			0.8	31.0	0.4		48.6		18.4		33.0

Characteristics	Unit	Mean	Standard deviation
N_total	mg L^-1	50.5	± 0.7
N_ammoniacal	mg L^-1	39.2	± 3.0
N_nitrate	mg L^-1	1.0	± 0.3
K_total	mg L^-1	37.9	± 2.2
Na	mg L^-1	87.5	± 4.5
P_total	mg L^-1	8.8	± 0.9
Zn	mg L^-1	6.0E-2	± 2E-2
Cu	mg L^-1	1.0E-2	± 0.0
Fe	mg L^-1	0.6	± 0.07
Mn	mg L^-1	0.1	± 0.0
B	mg L^-1	3.0E-2	± 0.0
Cl^-	mg L^-1	137.1	± 8.3
Ca	mg L^-1	15.9	± 1.2
Mg	mg L^-1	10.6	± 5.0
Electrical conductivity	dS m^-1	1.1	± 3.0E-2
Chemical Oxygen Demand	mg L^-1	167.0	± 6.6
Biochemical Oxygen Demand	mg L^-1	60.0	± 16.9
Oils and Greases	mg L^-1	9.6	± 5.1
pH	-	7.6	± 8.0E-2
Total suspended solids	mg L^-1	83.3	± 15.5
Total coliforms	UFC (100 mL)^-1	6.2E+6	± 11.9E+6
Escherichia coli	Most probable number (100 mL)^-1	3.3E+3	± 4.5E+3

Treatment (kg ha^-1)	TS-3					Complementing irrigation							Total							Savings (%)
Treatment (kg ha^-1)	(mm)																			Savings (%)
Control	0					414.5							414.5							0
20	46.1					368.4							414.5							11.1
40	91.7					322.8							414.5							22.1
60	137.8					276.7							414.5							33.2
80	184.3					230.2							414.5							44.5
	N							P₂O₅							K₂O						Na
	MF		TS-3		Total			MF		TS-3		Total			MF		TS-3		Total		TS-3		Total
Control	100.0		0		100.0			90.0		0		90.0			40.0		0		40.0		0		0
20	78.0		22.1		100.1			81.0		9.3		90.3			0		20.1		20.1		40.1		40.1
40	69.0		31.1		100.1			71.0		18.6		89.6			0		39.8		39.8		79.8		79.8
60	62.0		40.3		102.3			62.0		27.9		89.9			0		59.9		59.9		119.9		119.9
80	61.0		49.5		110.5			52.0		37.3		89.3			0		80.1		80.1		160.4		160.4
	Cl^-			Ca					Mg					Fe				Mn				Cu
	TS-3	Total		TS-3			Total		TS-3		Total			TS-3		Total		TS-3		Total		TS-3		Total
Control	0	0		0			0		0		0			0		0		0		0		0		0
20	61.0	61.0		7.8			7.8		4.9		4.9			0.3		0.3		0.1		0.1		0.003		0.003
40	121.5	121.5		15.6			15.6		9.7		9.7			0.5		0.5		0.1		0.1		0.005		0.005
60	182.6	182.6		23.4			23.4		14.6		14.6			0.7		0.7		0.1		0.1		0.008		0.008
80	244.4	244.4		31.3			31.3		19.6		19.6			1.0		1.0		0.2		0.2		0.011		0.011

Treatment (kg ha^-1)	Vegetative variables
	LDW		StDW		ShDW		LSR		SSR
	BRS	ON	BRS	ON	BRS	ON	BRS	ON	BRS	ON
Control	298.5	538.5	699.9	475.1	998.4	1013.5	29.5	53.3	70.5	46.8
20	282.1	318.8 *	459.2 *	396.0	741.3	714.9 *	37.5 b	44.8 a	62.5 a	55.2 b
40	299.3 b	830.8a *	645.6 b	1310.2 a*	944.9 b	2141.0a *	30.9 b	38.8a *	69.1 a	61.2 b*
60	266.9	338.7 *	472.4 *	529.2	739.4	867.9	35.3	39.0 *	64.7	61.0 *
80	143.1 b	317.6 a *	407.0 b *	1289.0a *	550.1 b *	1606.6 a *	25.7	19.6 *	74.3	80.4 *
	Productive variables
	NPP		GY		NGP
	BRS	ON	BRS	ON	BRS	ON
Control	12.4	12.3	2164.7	1851.2	6.3	5.5
20	10.5 b*	13.1 a	2255.7	1945.2	6.3	5.3
40	11.1 b	12.9 a	2123.9	2041.4	6.6	5.9
60	10.9 b	15.5 a*	2050.0	1765.6	6.4	5.6
80	11.0 b	14.2 a*	2087.2	1721.4	5.9	6.0

Cultivars	NGP	GY (kg ha^-1)
BRS-MG-Madreperola	6.3 a	2136.3 a
Ouro Negro	5.6 b	1865.0 b

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[1] Edcássio D. Araújo - E-mail: agroeda@yahoo.com.br (Corresponding author)