HIGHLIGHTS:
Initial height and tuber mass significantly affect bruise volume and velocity characteristics.
Suitable temperature (above 20 °C) and impact material (especially rubber) can reduce bruise of potato.
Maximum and minimum velocities can predict bruise volume of potato.
ABSTRACT
A study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between the factors (initial height, tuber mass, tuber temperature and impact material) and the impact characteristic variables (impact velocity and bruise volume) as determined by pendulum impact test-rig. It was verified that bruise volume and maximum velocity significantly increased with increasing initial height, while its minimum velocity and time of reaching the maximum velocity decreased during the same impact process. With increment of tuber mass, its impact velocities and time of reaching the maximum velocity presented linear change, but the bruise volume nonlinearly changed. The relationships among tuber temperature and impact characteristic parameters were in accordance with linear relationships. The 65 Mn-rubber rod can notably reduce potato impact damage because of its cushioning effect. Potato bruise volume can be predicted based on the maximum and minimum velocity.
Key words:
Solanum tuberosum; impact experiment; velocity characteristic; bruise volume
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Vertical bars represent the standard deviation of the mean of the ten values. **- Significant at p ≤ 0.01 based on the t test; CV - Coefficient of variation
Vertical bars represent the standard deviation of the mean of the ten values. * - Significant at p ≤ 0.05; *** - Significant at p ≤ 0.001 based on the t test; CV - Coefficient of variation
Vertical bars represent the standard deviation of the mean of the ten values. * - Significant at p ≤ 0.05 based on the t test; CV - Coefficient of variation
** - Significant at p ≤ 0.01 based on the t test; CV - Coefficient of variation