The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of alternative managements in restoring a physically degraded soil after eight years. For this, an experiment managed with direct sowing (no tillage) is being conducted since 2002, in Eldorado do Sul, RS, in an Ultisol that initially was degraded naturally with a high degree of compaction. Treatments consisted of three soil cover crops in winter (fallow, oat + vetch and forage radish), two depths (0.12 and 0.21 m) of operation of the shank of fertilizer and seed drill and three traffic conditions (tractor movements, harvester and no traffic). In summer corn and soybeans are sown in annual rotation. There was an increase in the levels of soil organic matter and of its fractions, which resulted in reduced values of density and increased macroporosity and total porosity of soil. Soil bulk density was lower in soil condition not without agricultural machinery traffic. The conversion of naturally degraded field into a system of grain production using integrated management alternatives with no tillage system restores the physical quality of soil to carry out appropriately its functions.
soil compaction; cover crops; controlled traffic; organic matter
