Cultivation of cherry tomato under irrigation with saline water and nitrogen fertilization

Vieira, Ianne G. S.; Nobre, Reginaldo G.; Dias, Adaan S.; Pinheiro, Francisco W. A.

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n1p55-61

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Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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SOIL, WATER AND PLANT MANAGEMENT • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 20 (1) • Jan 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n1p55-61 copy

Cultivation of cherry tomato under irrigation with saline water and nitrogen fertilization

Cultivo do tomateiro cereja sob irrigação com águas salinas e adubação nitrogenada

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The study was carried out from August 2013 to January 2014 to evaluate growth and production of cherry tomato cultivated under irrigation with water of different salinity levels and fertilized with different nitrogen (N) doses, in experiment conducted in drainage lysimeters under greenhouse conditions, at the Center for Agrifood Science and Technology of the Federal University of Campina Grande. The statistical design was randomized blocks in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, with three replicates, and the treatments consisted of five levels of electrical conductivity of water (0.3, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 dS m^-1) and four N doses (60, 100, 140 and 180 mg kg^-1). Growth and production variables of cherry tomato decrease linearly from the irrigation water salinity of 0.3 dS m^-1 on. The longer exposure of plants to salt stress caused the highest reductions, and the root dry matter, leaf area and the number of clusters are the most sensitive variables. The highest value of plant height at 125 days after transplantation was obtained with the N dose of 139 mg kg^-1 of soil. Increasing N doses reduced the effect of salinity on cherry tomato growth at 125 days after transplantation.

Key words:
Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.; salt stress; mineral nutrition; growth

Density (kg dm^-3)	Total porosity (%)	Water content (%)		Available water (%)	Exchange complex
		Water content (%)			Ca⁺²	Mg⁺²	Na⁺	K⁺	pHSP	ECSE (dS m^-1)
		0.33 atm	15.0 atm		(cmol_c kg^-1)				pHSP	ECSE (dS m^-1)
1.34	48.26	18.01	9.45	8.56	3.95	3.70	0.37	0.43	5.01	0.09

Source of variation	Mean square
	NL		SD		PH		LA
	54 DAT	125 DAT	54 DAT	125 DAT	54 DAT	125 DAT	54 DAT	125 DAT
Saline levels (S)	699.500^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	94342.225^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	0.743^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	16.835^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	152.789^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	4034.875^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	7135493.165^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	493001958.036^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
Linear Regression	2448.033^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	354579.408^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	1.587	64.386^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	505.941^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	15255.075^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	25737986.625^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	1678409899.552^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
Quadratic Regression	4.023^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	1927.14 ^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	0.440	0.167^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	64.877^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	345.720^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	1314526.217^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	47953.754^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
Doses of N (N)	98.778^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	8328.311^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	0.508^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	0.990^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	19.305^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	342.689^* ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	641245.558^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	49957751.148^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
Linear Regression	37.453	24336.013	1.470	2.745	55.126	417.720^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	1536915.660	148015277.012^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
Quadratic Regression	141.067	589.060	0.042	0.140	0.024	516.267^* ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	29024.602	1406177.577^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
Interaction (S x N)	99.889^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	2450.936^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	0.794^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	2.185^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	28.994^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	247.063^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	2813565.806^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	17493102.245^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
Block	68.467^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	438.650 ^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	0.365^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	0.428^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	109.940^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	498.600^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	1097384.214^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	2248439.994^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
CV (%)	18.84	20.22	7.56	11.87	12.5	7.46	17.28	20.14

Source of variation	Mean square
	LDM	SDM	RDM	NC
	125 DAT	125 DAT	125 DAT¹ 1 Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	104 DAT¹ 1 Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
Saline levels (S)	1756.72^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05;	18228.85^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05;	8654.372^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05;	13021.016^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05;
Linear regression	6526.87^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05;	61908.82^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05;	24487.347^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05;	46768.008^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05;
Quadratic regression	436.50^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05;	10333.59^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05;	8153.786^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05;	4789.339^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05;
N doses (N)	29.64ns	164.13*	154.906ns	746.327ns
Linear regression	55.29	357.54*	99.532	2054.083
Quadratic regression	33.45	37.93ns	220.416	0.816
Interaction (S x N)	31.19*	146.88^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05;	192.065ns	397.327ns
Block	28.54	2.84	1086.179	510.466
CV (%)	10.70	11.78	24.92	14.46

Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, UFCG, Av. Aprígio Veloso 882, Bodocongó, Bloco CM, 1º andar, CEP 58429-140, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil, Tel. +55 83 2101 1056 - Campina Grande - PB - Brazil
E-mail: revistagriambi@gmail.com

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[1] iannegoncalves@hotmail.com (Corresponding author)

Source of variation	Mean square
	NL		SD		PH		LA
	54 DAT	125 DAT	54 DAT	125 DAT	54 DAT	125 DAT	54 DAT	125 DAT
Saline levels (S)	699.500^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	94342.225^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	0.743^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	16.835^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	152.789^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	4034.875^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	7135493.165^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	493001958.036^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
Linear Regression	2448.033^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	354579.408^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	1.587	64.386^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	505.941^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	15255.075^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	25737986.625^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	1678409899.552^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
Quadratic Regression	4.023^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	1927.14 ^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	0.440	0.167^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	64.877^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	345.720^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	1314526.217^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	47953.754^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
Doses of N (N)	98.778^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	8328.311^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	0.508^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	0.990^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	19.305^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	342.689^* ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	641245.558^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	49957751.148^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
Linear Regression	37.453	24336.013	1.470	2.745	55.126	417.720^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	1536915.660	148015277.012^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
Quadratic Regression	141.067	589.060	0.042	0.140	0.024	516.267^* ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	29024.602	1406177.577^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
Interaction (S x N)	99.889^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	2450.936^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	0.794^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	2.185^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	28.994^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	247.063^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	2813565.806^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	17493102.245^ ns, , * Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
Block	68.467^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	438.650 ^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	0.365^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	0.428^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	109.940^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	498.600^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	1097384.214^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x	2248439.994^ns ns, *, Respectively, not significant and significant by F test at p < 0.01 and p < 0 .05; 1Statistical analysis performed after data transformation to √x
CV (%)	18.84	20.22	7.56	11.87	12.5	7.46	17.28	20.14