UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: DOES TYPE, EXPOSURE AND THE NEED FOR SOCIAL APPROVAL MATTER?

DOMAGAŁA-ZYŚK, Ewa; BYRA, Stanisława

doi:10.1590/1980-54702024V30E0173

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Research Report • Rev. bras. educ. espec. 30 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-54702024V30E0173 copy

UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: DOES TYPE, EXPOSURE AND THE NEED FOR SOCIAL APPROVAL MATTER?

ATITUDES DOS ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITáRIOS EM RELAÇÃO àS PESSOAS COM DEFICIêNCIA: O TIPO, A EXPOSIÇãO E A NECESSIDADE DE APROVAÇÃO SOCIAL IMPORTAM?

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to explore the multidimensional attitudes of university students towards people with motor, intellectual, and sensory (vision and hearing) disabilities. Three variables were discussed: type of disability, exposure to people with disabilities, and the need for social approval. This study included 712 university students. The results confirmed that the most negative attitudes were held towards people with intellectual disability and the most positive attitudes towards persons with motor disability in all dimensions: cognitive, emotional, and social. The type of exposure to people with disabilities was significant, and the most positive attitudes were observed when respondents had a friend with a disability. The hypothesis on the correlation between the need for social approval and students’ attitudes towards people with disabilities was only partially confirmed.

KEYWORDS:
Disability; Attitudes; Social approval; Multidimensional; University students

MAS-POL	People in a wheelchair (1)		People with Down Syndrome (2)		Deaf/hard of hearing people (3)		Blind people (4)
MAS-POL	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD
PC-BC	26.04	7.12	35.07	7.29	28.41	6.86	29.21	7.70	28.98^* ***** p<0.001.	2>1,3,4^* ***** p<0.001. 4>1^* * p<0.05;
BA	16.02	4.76	19.97	4.75	19.64	5.18	18.44	5.49	31.84^* ***** p<0.001.	1<2,3^* ***** p<0.001. 2>4^* * p<0.05;
C	22.35	5.34	25.13	4.82	23.43	8.22	22.84	5.35	8.63^* ***** p<0.001.	2>1^* * p<0.05; ,3^* ***** p<0.001. ,4^* * p<0.05;
NA	13.06	3.57	15.22	3.85	14.06	3.38	13.92	4.09	15.49^* ***** p<0.001.	2>1^ p<0.01; ,3^* * p<0.05; ,4^* * p<0.05; 1<3^* * p<0.05;
Mas-Pol Total	77.47	14.80	95.67	22.39	85.55	14.21	84.40	13.78	18.94^* ***** p<0.001.	1<2^ p<0.01; ,3^ p<0.01; ,4^ p<0.01; 2>4^* ***** p<0.001.

MAS-POL	People in a wheelchair		People with Down Syndrome		Deaf/hard-ofhearing people		Blind people
MAS-POL	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD
PC-BC	2.37	0.65	3.19	1.57	2.58	0.63	2.65	0.70
BA	2.67	0.76	3.33	0.79	3.27	0.86	3.01	0.91
C	3.19	0.69	3.59	1.17	3.35	0.76	3.31	0.75
NA	2.18	0.59	2.54	0.64	2.34	0.58	2.32	0.68

MAS-POL	People in a wheelchair	People with Down Syndrome	Deaf /hard-ofhearing people	Blind people
PC-BC	0.04	-0.28^ p<0.01	-0.04	-0.36^* * p<0.05;
BA	-0.42^ p<0.01	0.02	0.03	0.17
C	-0.17^* * p<0.05;	-0.06	-0.02	-0.14
NA	0.11	-0.05	-0.09	-0.20
Mas-Pol Total	0.11	-0.11	-0.02	-0.18

MAS-POL	Contact		No contact		Significance test
MAS-POL	M	SD	M	SD	t	p
People in a wheelchair
PC-BC	25.99	6.77	26.16	7.12	-0.20	0.838
BA	16.33	5.28	18.24	4.85	-1.74	0.024^* * p<0.05;
C	22.46	5.80	22.06	3.97	0.61	0.541
NA	13.06	3.44	13.07	3.23	-0.03	0.975
Mas-Pol Total	77.83	15.40	76.54	10.54	0.76	0.451
People with Down Syndrome
PC-BC	35.56	16.44	32.35	21.37	0.95	0.345
BA	19.97	4.82	20.00	4.41	-0.34	0.970
C	24.92	8.86	26.24	4.08	-0.85	0.398
NA	15.19	4.03	15.39	2.76	-0.27	0.784
Mas-Pol Total	95.97	22.23	94.09	23.45	0.44	0.660
Deaf/hard-of-hearing people
PC-BC	27.99	7.26	31.23	5.51	-1.54	0.126
BA	19.38	4.89	21.31	3.40	-1.36	0.175
C	23.08	4.96	25.77	2.92	-1.90	0.040^* * p<0.05;
NA	14.07	3.64	14.00	3.27	0.06	0.948
Mas-Pol Total	84.52	15.32	92.31	8.35	-1.79	0.077
Blind people
PC-BC	33.84	6.77	26.00	7.12	4.44	0.001^ p<0.01
BA	18.20	5.28	18.81	4.85	-0.42	0.673
C	22.60	5.80	22.81	3.97	-0.15	0.881
NA	13.80	3.44	13.92	3.23	-0.11	0.914
Mas-Pol Total	88.44	15.40	81.53	10.54	1.96	0.055

MAS-POL	Family member (1)		Friend (2)		Colleague (3)
MAS-POL	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD
PC-BC	28.63	9.31	25.16	6.25	30.04	3.97	27.96	7.58	31.98	13.40	3.10^* * p<0.05;	5>2^ p<0.01; ,4^* * p<0.05;
BA	18.57	4.74	15.61	6.62	12.13	4.65	17.13	4.55	19.12	5.18	13.89^* ***** p<0.001	1>2^ p<0.01; ,3^* ***** p<0.001 ,4^* * p<0.05; 3<2^ p<0.01; ,4^ p<0.01; ,5^ p<0.01; 2<5^* *** p<0.001 3<4^ p<0.01; ,5^ ** p<0.01;
C	23.97	5.22	21.23	7.32	20.16	4.61	23.30	6.30	23.79	4.90	3.25^* * p<0.05;	1>2^* * p<0.05; ,3^ p<0.01; 3<4^* * p<0.05; ,5^ p<0.01; 2<5^* * p<0.05;
NA	13.23	2.40	13.16	3.98	12.08	5.80	14.75	3.55	13.97	3.79	4.43^ p<0.01;	4>1^ p<0.01; ,2^* * p<0.05; ,3^* ***** p<0.001
Mas-Pol Total	84.40	17.25	75.16	21.00	76.71	11.14	83.14	17.61	88.86	23.08	4.90^* ***** p<0.001	2<1^ p<0.01; ,4^ p<0.01; ,5^* ***** p<0.001 5>3^ p<0.01;

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[1] Conflict of Interest: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as potential conflicts of interest.