In this paper, a sequence of low-cost teaching lab experiments to assess fundamental concepts in Fermi-Dirac quantum statistical mechanics and quantitative measurements of current density of a free thermal electron in vacuum to prove experimentally the Richardson-Dushman equation. Experimental techniques and numerical analysis for the current density are also discussed in this work. Thermoionic-emission tubes have proven to be excellent to corroborate the concepts discussed in this paper.
free electron measurements; quantum statistics; Fermi-Dirac
