In this article, we examine Cosmic Inflation, investigating its historical origin, implications, and contributions to understanding the primordial universe. Initially, we establish a context by addressing General Relativity and the pioneering work of scientists such as Friedmann, Lemaître, and Hubble. We also identify the inherent challenges in the Big Bang model that motivated Alan Guth to propose the inflationary mechanism. Subsequently, we outline the fundamental principles behind inflation, highlighting the necessary conditions for the consideration of an inflationary model. We further demonstrate how the inflationary mechanism resolves the flatness and horizon problems. We conclude the analysis by discussing how contemporary observations corroborate cosmic inflation, especially regarding the explanation of the origin of cosmic fluctuations and the formation of large-scale structures in the universe.
Keywords:
Big bang; cosmology; cosmic inflation; cosmic fluctuations
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