Analytical and numerical solutions for the vertical motion of a model rocket

In this work, a model for the analytical solution of the differential equation of motion of a model rocket that describes a vertical trajectory in an upward movement is described. The solutions for velocity, v(t), and altitude, y(t), are compared with a numerical solution using Euler’s method. To test these models and compare the methods for obtaining v(t) and y(t), the experimental flight of the Epsilon-8 model rocket, with a solid propellant engine, from the Carl Sagan rocketry group of the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR). In the analytical solution, an approximate model is considered in which the total mass of the mini rocket is constant during the propellant burn time. Numerical and analytical predictions for v(t) and y(t) can be obtained, using physical parameters related to the mini rocket, the drag force and the experimental curves for the thrust, T(t). T(t) curves of four engines manufactured by the Carl Sagan group were used, similar to the one used in the experimental flight of the Epsilon-8. Although the analytical method is satisfactory, the numerical method returns values of speed and altitudes closer to the experimental flight of the Epsilon-8.

Keywords:
Analytical method; Euler’s method; model rocket; trajectory equations